关键词： cerebellum   open database   open-source software   Purkinje cell   spike sorter   COMPLEX SPIKE ACTIVITY   OCULOMOTOR VERMIS   PURKINJE-CELLS   CLIMBING FIBERS   PROPAGATION   ADAPTATION   ERROR  

摘要： Analysis of electrophysiological data from Purkinje cells (P-cells) of the cerebellum presents unique challenges to spike sorting. Complex spikes have waveforms that vary significantly from one event to the next, raising the problem of misidentification. Even when complex spikes are detected correctly, the simple spikes may belong to a different P-cell, raising the danger of misattribu-tion. To address these identification and attribution problems, we wrote an open-source, semiautomated software called P-sort, and then tested it by analyzing data from P-cells recorded in three species: marmosets, macaques, and mice. Like other sorting software, P-sort relies on nonlinear dimensionality reduction to cluster spikes. However, it also uses the statistical relationship between simple and complex spikes to merge disparate clusters and split a single cluster. In comparison with expert manual curation, occasionally P-sort identified significantly more complex spikes, as well as prevented misattribution of clusters. Three existing automatic sorters performed less well, particularly for identification of complex spikes. To improve the development of analysis tools for the cerebellum, we provide labeled data for 313 recording sessions, as well as statistical characteristics of waveforms and firing patterns of P-cells in three species. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Algorithms that perform spike sorting depend on waveforms to cluster spikes. However, a cerebellar Purkinje-cell produces two types of spikes; simple and complex spikes. A complex spike coincides with the suppression of gen-erating simple spikes. Here, we recorded neurophysiological data from three species and developed a spike analysis software named P-sort that relies on this statistical property to improve both the detection and the attribution of simple and complex spikes in the cerebellum.

关键词： 神经解剖学   神经病学   神经外科学   教研室主任   神经生理学   上海医学院   人体解剖学   医学院院长  

摘要： 由耶鲁大学神经学、神经生理学及神经外科学教授哈尔·布鲁门菲尔德(Hal Blumenfeld)编著,空军军医大学人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室暨梁銶琚脑研究中心主任李云庆教授,西北大学医学院院长、西北大学神经病学系主任、西北大学脑科学研究中心主任赵钢教授,复旦大学附属中山医院党委书记、复旦大学上海医学院神经病学系主任汪昕教授,以及大连医科大学人体解剖学教研室主任隋鸿锦教授共同主译的《临床神经解剖学:病例解析》已于2021年3月由天津科技翻译出版有限公司出版。

关键词： 神经解剖学   神经病学   神经外科学   教研室主任   神经生理学   上海医学院   人体解剖学   医学院院长  

摘要： 由耶鲁大学神经学、神经生理学及神经外科学教授哈尔·布鲁门菲尔德(Hal Blunienfeld)编著,空军军医大学人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室暨梁錄菇脑研究中心主任李云庆教授,西北大学医学院院长、西北大学神经病学系主任、西北大学脑科学研究中心主任赵钢教授,复旦大学附属中山医院党委书记、复旦大学上海医学院神经病学系主任汪昕教授,以及大连医科大学人体解剖学教研室主任隋鸿锦教授共同主译的《临床神经解剖学:病例解析》已于2021年3月由天津科技翻译出版有限公司出版。

关键词： 神经解剖学   神经病学   神经外科学   教研室主任   神经生理学   上海医学院   人体解剖学   医学院院长  

摘要： 由耶鲁大学神经学、神经生理学及神经外科学教授哈尔·布鲁门菲尔德(Hal Blumenfeld)编著,空军军医大学人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室暨梁銶琚脑研究中心主任李云庆教授,西北大学医学院院长、西北大学神经病学系主任、西北大学脑科学研究中心土任赵钢教授,复旦大学附属中山医院党委书记、复旦大学上海医学院神经病学系主任汪昕教授,以及大连医科大学人体解剖学教研室主任隋鸿锦教授共同主译的《临床神经解剖学:病例解析》已于2021年3月由天津科技翻译出版有限公司出版。

关键词： 腰椎间盘突出症   神经生理学   腰椎牵引   椎间盘突出   坐骨神经痛   随机对照研究   运动节段   短期疗效  

摘要： 腰椎间盘突出症常伴有腰痛、坐骨神经痛,甚至可导致患者出现跛行,影响患者的正常生活和工作。腰椎牵引常单独使用或结合其他治疗手段来治疗腰椎间盘突出症,通常根据患者的不同的医学适应证采用不同的腰椎牵引方法,并采用不同的测量方法和随访时间[1,2]。以往研究证实了腰椎牵引在椎间盘突出引起的急性坐骨神经痛或某些人群的坐骨神经痛中的短期疗效。腰椎牵引的作用机制是通过椎间运动节段的分离导致椎间盘内压力显著降低,而神经生理学的作用机制则是通过与脊柱操作相似的疼痛通路的调节[3,4]。

关键词： 神经解剖学   神经病学   神经外科学   教研室主任   神经生理学   上海医学院   人体解剖学   医学院院长  

摘要： 由耶鲁大学神经学、神经生理学及神经外科学教授哈尔·布鲁门菲尔德(Hal Blumenfeld)编著,空军军医大学人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室暨梁銶琚脑研究中心主任李云庆教授,西北大学医学院院长、西北大学神经病学系主任、西北大学脑科学研究中心主任赵钢教授,复旦大学附属中山医院党委书记、复旦大学上海医学院神经病学系主任汪昕教授,以及大连医科大学人体解剖学教研室主任隋鸿锦教授共同主译的《临床神经解剖学:病例解析》已于2021年3月由天津科技翻译出版有限公司出版。

关键词： Developmental time   Survival   Body mass   Amylolytic activity   Proteolytic activity   DIETS AFFECTING BIOLOGY   FEEDING PREFERENCE   HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA   KHAPRA BEETLE   PLANT DEFENSE   LIFE-HISTORY   QUALITY   BOSTRICHIDAE   PERFORMANCE   FECUNDITY  

摘要： The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), is one of the main pests of rice and other stored grains. Due to the negative effects of synthetic pesticides on the environment and non-target organisms, more environmentally benign alternative control techniques are needed for controlling pests. In the present study, the development, reproduction, and digestive enzyme activity of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) were evaluated on 12 rice cultivars under laboratory conditions [28 +/- 1 degrees C, 60 +/- 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) h]. Among tested rice cultivars, the developmental time of S. oryzae immature stages was the shortest on DomSiah (33.0 days), Hashemi var. Guilan (34.0 days) and Hashemi var. Mazandaran (34.0 days) and the longest on Neda (44.5 days). The highest fecundity was recorded for beetles reared on cultivars DomSiah (316.8 eggs), Hashemi var. Mazandaran (301.1 eggs), and Hashemi var. Guilan (293.3 eggs); and the lowest for beetles reared on cultivar Neda (147.0 eggs). The highest survival of immature stages was recorded on cultivars Hashemi var. Mazandaran (80.0%), AliKazemi (75.2%), DomSiah (73.6%), and Hashemi var. Guilan (71.0%) whereas those on cultivar Neda (25.3%) had the lowest survival. The female adults that developed from larvae reared on cultivars Neda, Govhar, and Fajr had the lowest body mass (67.7, 68.6, and 69.4 mg). Also, the males' mass was the lowest on cultivars Neda, Fajr, Shiroudi, and Govhar (60.7, 62.2, 62.9 63.3 mg, respectively). The adults developed from larvae reared on cultivars Fajr and Neda had the lowest levels of alpha-amylase activity (1.77 and 1.64 mU/min/individual, respectively). Also, those reared on cultivar Neda had the lowest levels of protease activity (0.067 OD/min/individual). Results suggest cultivar Neda, as an unsuitable food for S. oryzae development that negatively affects the amylolytic and proteolytic activity of this pest, could be considered in the integrated management programs of this pest.