关键词： 年龄因素   生物医学工程   脑疾病/诊断   脑疾病/康复   脑性瘫痪/诊断   癫痫/诊断   精神障碍/诊断   精神障碍/康复   心理过程   心理生理学   青少年   儿童   儿童   学龄前   人类  

摘要： The paper outlines new engineering decisions of provision of medical engineering technologies of the quantitative assessment of the status and rehabilitation of higher mental functions of children and adolescents in health and in diseases. The theoretical and experimental rationales for the development of new technologies, basic principles and examples of their realization are given.

关键词： 航天医学   综合疗法   计算机终端   职业病/诊断   职业病/病理生理学   职业病/心理学   职业病/治疗   心理生理学   危险因素   俄罗斯   人类  

摘要： The investigations have shown that military and aviation specialist working with video-display terminals are exposed to unfavourable effect of professional environment of anthropogenic genesis. It is accompanied with development of energo-informative stress. Manifestations of stress-effect have a cumulative character. One can notice the decrease in physiologic reserve level, homeostatic potential, worsening of the quality of operators' professional health and safety in the "man-machine" system. The proposed and appropriated methods of premorbid state diagnosis and working capacity support have confirmed its adequate efficiency both in experimental conditions and in aviation specialists against the background of their professional activity.

关键词： 动物营养生理学   消化生理学   德国   院校   兽医/历史   兽医学/历史   动物   历史   19世纪  

摘要： Victor Hofmeister (1829-1894), a chemist, was active between 1862-1894 at the Tierärztliche Hochschule Dresden. His common work with Haubner, Siedamgrotzky and especially Ellenberger supplied basis information on digestibility of feestuffs (sheep, horses) about various clinical-chemical or toxicological questions, but particularly about the digestive physiology in horses, pigs, dogs and ruminants. The main results of the research group in Dresden outlast the last 100 years and represent valuable aspects for present knowledge in this field.

关键词： 情绪/生理学   模型   心理学   心理生理学   人类  

摘要： Nonlinear dependence between the emotion intensity and main emotion components: the value of need and probability of its satisfaction is confirmed by the analysis of subjective and objective indices during mental reproduction of emotional situations. The dependence suggests a possibility of application of some its linear analogs in a certain range of changes in the intensity of need and possibility of its satisfaction.

关键词： 年龄因素   儿童发育   诊断   计算机辅助   心理过程   微型计算机   神经心理学测验   心理学试验   心理生理学   儿童   儿童   学龄前   人类  

摘要： This communication presents the results of comparative study of 23 quantitative characteristics of the mental development of a child (the data of neuropsychological diagnosis of higher cortical functions by the procedure developed by I. F. Markovskaya, 1993) and 112 parameters of higher mental functions (perception, memory, assimilation and reproduction of rhythmic stimuli, behavioral strategy in the determined environment) recorded by a complex of microprocessor psychophysiological apparatuses, such as "Rhythmotest", "Mnemotest", and "Binatest".

关键词： 算法   α节律   测听法   诊断   计算机辅助   脑电描记术   功能偏侧化/生理学   听力/生理学   模型   生物学   运动活动/生理学   心理学试验   心理生理学   视觉/生理学   视力试验   青少年   女(雌)性   人类   男(雄)性  

摘要： The paper presents neurological findings of children and adolescents, which included the determination of the individual profile of cerebral asymmetry by 3 spheres: motor, sensory, and mental, as well as electrophysiological measurement. To develop biology teaching methods by taking into account the individual profile of pupils' brain asymmetry is an aim of this study.

关键词： 监测   生理学   神经心理学测验   心理生理学   心理疗法   应激   心理学/诊断   应激   心理学/治疗   青少年   儿童   人类  

摘要： The paper deals with psychophysiological monitoring on an automatic [symbol: see text] phi K-01 psychophysiological diagnosis unit made in Russia. The unit is intended to detect latent and initial manifestations of stress reactions in healthy individuals and to evaluate the efficiency of psychopharmacological therapy and psychotherapy.

关键词： 吸收   抗菌药/药代动力学   抗菌药/药理学   抗菌药/治疗应用   生物膜   囊性纤维化/药物疗法   囊性纤维化/代谢   消化生理学   剂量效应关系   药物   用药计划表   半衰期   假单胞菌   铜绿   人类  

摘要： Antibiotherapy is one of the main treatment in cystic fibrosis. Antibiotic administration schedules are different from normal patients because of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic particularities. In moderate disease, the digestive resorption of antibiotics is delayed and their half-life is reduced due to an increase in total clearance. In severe disease, the volume of distribution of antibiotics is increased due to the higher proportion of lean mass in these malnourished patients. Other particularities limit the action of antibiotics such as thick sputum, which limits drug penetration; the property of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to be surrounded by a biofilm; alteration of local antibacterial defense; and inhibition of antibiotics by local factors. Systematic prescription of a biotherapy beta-lactam-aminoglycoside and obtaining high antibiotic concentration in situ might limit this antagonism. In spite of particular therapeutic schedules such as single daily dose for aminoglycoside and continuous infusion for beta-lactams, the intervals between administrations must be narrowed for time-dependent antibiotics, and the total daily dose increased by 20 to 30% for concentration-dependent antibiotics.

关键词： 诊断   计算机辅助   心理学试验   心理生理学   职业指导   青少年   成年人   女(雌)性   人类   男(雄)性   中年人  

摘要： The paper considers a complex of methods used in diagnostic psychophysiological studies in consulting practice by using a computer "Psychomat" complex.

关键词： gramicidin perforated patch-clamp   desensitization   chloride ion channel   intracellular Cl- concentration   strychnine   picrotoxin  

摘要： Properties of whole-cell glycine-activated currents (I-Gly) of neurons freshly isolated from ventral tegmental area of rats between postnatal day (P) 0 and 40 (P0-P40) were examined using the gramicidin-perforated patch technique. I-Gly was present throughout the period of investigation and displayed age-related alternations in its kinetics, reversal potentials (E-Gly) and sensitivity to antagonists. During development, the time constant for desensitization of I-Gly decreased about two-fold, and the E-Gly shifted to more negative potentials. Specifically, E-Gly was -29 mV in neonatal (P0-P7) and decreased to -50 mV in adult (P24-P40) neurons. While the neonatal glycine receptors (GlyRs) are resistant to strychnine, the adult GlyRs are sensitive to STR. The values for 50% inhibition (IC50) of I-Gly was 110 and 12 nM in P0-P3 and P24-P40 neurons, respectively. Picrotoxin, on the other hand, was more effective in blocking neonatal neurons. The IC50 values were 17 and 231 mu M for the neonatal and adult neurons, respectively. These observations are discussed in terms of developmental changes of subunit composition of GlyRs and of intracellular Cl- concentrations. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.