关键词： 声刺激   适应障碍/诊断   觉醒   听觉   巴比妥酸盐类/药理学   抑郁/诊断   药物耐受性   皮电反应/药物作用   心理生理学   精神病/诊断   成年人   老年人   人类   中年人  

摘要： An experiment was performed to investigate predictions of vigilance performance among depressive patients, based on the assumptions that vigilance would vary in a predictable manner with level of arousal, and that levels of arousal among diagnostic categories of depressive patients are well known. It was found that psychotic depressives, presumed to be hypo-aroused relative to normals, exhibited poor signal detection performances and committed few false positive errors relative to normals. This was consistent with predictions. Neurotic depressives, presumed to be hyper-aroused relative to normals, detected fewer signals than did normals, but also made more false positive errors than normals. Again this was consistent with predictions. A measure of arousal in experimental subjects, namely barbiturate tolerance, was found to directly relate to the false positive error rate in all subjects. The relationship between arousal and total signal detection rate was significantly curvilinear, and an ‘inverted U ’ (quadratic) function provided the best fit. This justified the conclusion that vigilance performance is a function of at least that component of arousal measured by barbiturate tolerance.

关键词： 脑/生理学   神经生理学  

关键词： 适应   生理学   中枢神经系统/生理学   数学   神经病学检查/仪器和设备   心理生理学   人类  

关键词： 听觉   习惯化   心理生理学   判断   合理化   言语障碍/治疗   言语疗法   儿童   人类  

摘要： Ten graduate student clinicians, in their final year of training, evaluated the tape recorded pretherapy performances of 10 /s/-defective children on the 68 /s/ items of the McDonald Deep Test of Articulation (1964). Five of the 10 clinicians were randomly selected and assigned one of these /s/-defective children as part of their regular case load. The children were seen for 1 hr per week for a 5-week period. The clinicians were not informed as to the nature of the study or that the composition of their case load was in any way connected with the tapes that they had previously evaluated. The five remaining clinicians and children did not participate in therapy during this 5-week period. Immediately following this 5-week period, an additional tape recording was made of all 10 children's responses to the /s/ items of the McDonald Deep Test (1964). Both pre- and posttreatment tapes were then evaluated by all 10 clinicians in independent listening sessions. Significant between-tape differences, indicative of both habituation and sensitization to client errors within the in-therapy clinicians only, are discussed in terms of their clinical applications.

关键词： 中枢神经系统/生理学   记忆/生理学   模型   心理学   心理生理学   系列学习/生理学   人类  

关键词： 年龄因素   评价研究   健康状况指标   健康调查   心理测定学   心理生理性障碍/诊断   心理生理学   性别因素   应激   心理学   人类  

摘要： Cluster analysis is used to examine dimensionality if the 22-item Langner index. Intercorrelation of the 22 items reveals they do not form a cohesive set; only a few are correlated above the 0.30 level. Using this as the criterion for cluster membership, five dimensions are identified for the total sample. These results demonstrate empirically what several authors have indicated previously, namely that the symptom statements reflect a multiplicity of content. Cluster analysis by sex indicates that female and male response patterns differ both as to numbers and types of symptoms forming clusters. Females report more "psychological" symptoms, whereas males report more"physiological" symptoms. Cluster analysis by level of impairment (<4,4 + symptoms) indicates essentially no difference in cluster content-clusters for both groups contain more "physiological" than "psychological" symptoms. Examination of cluster content using the Crandell and Dohrenwend fourfold classification of the 22 items raises serious questions concerning the substantive usefulness of this a priori approach to the derivation of symptom subsets. Most clusters derived in this analysis contained items from several of the Crandell and Dohrenwend categories; several clusters contained items from all four. © 1976.

关键词： 注意力/生理学   高级神经活动   心理学试验/仪器和设备   心理生理学   反应时间/生理学   青少年   成年人   人类  

关键词： 空气污染/预防和控制   职业医学   心理生理学   吸烟/并发症   人类  

关键词： Psychology Laboratory   Occupational Physiology  

关键词： 氨基酸序列   氨基酸类/分析   氨肽酶类   脑/代谢   脑化学   羧肽酶类   色谱法   薄层   丹磺酰化合物   习惯化   心理生理学   微量化学   寡肽类   肽类   动物   大鼠  

摘要： Autoradiography of3H-labeled dansyl amino acids was applied to the sequential analysis of peptides available only in subnanomolar quantities. The method employs time-course analysis of the digestion of the peptide by aminopeptidase M, carboxypeptidase B, and dipeptidylaminopeptidase I. The cleaved amino acids or dipeptides are identified by tlc of the3H-labeled compounds. The procedure was used for the sequential analysis of a learning-induced peptide extracted from trained rat brain, called ameletin. The sequence, confirmed by synthesis, was:p-Glu-Ala-Gly-Tyr-Ser-Lys.