关键词： Electroencephalography  

摘要： Summary: Digital EEG recording systems are now widely available and relatively inexpensive. They offer multiple advantages over previous analog/paper systems, such as higher delity recording, signal postprocessing, automated detection, and efcient data storage. This document provides guidance for the creation of digital EEG recordings including (1) documentation of patient information, (2) notation of information during the recording, (3) digital signal acquisition parameters during the recording, (4) storage of digital information, and (5) display of digital EEG signals. Copyright © 2016 by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.

关键词： 时间定价   脑电α波   皮肤电   心率   经济效用心理定势  

摘要： 目的:从电生理学角度探讨时间定价是否激活经济效用心理定势。方法:采用脑电α波、皮肤电、心率作为经济效用定势的指标,考察时间定价组被试与控制组被试的差异。结果:与控制组相比,时间定价使个体大脑α波功率值和功率百分比更低、皮肤电更大、心率更快,个体更不平静、更不耐烦(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:时间定价可能激活了经济效用心理定势。

关键词： Electrodes  

摘要： This revision to the EEG Guidelines is an update incorporating the current electroencephalography technology and practice. It was previously published as Guideline 2. Similar to the prior guideline, it delineates the aspects of Guideline 1 that should be modied for neonates and young children. Recording conditions for photic stimulation and hyperventilation are revised to enhance the provocation of epileptiform discharges. Revisions recognize the difculties involved in performing an EEG under sedation in young children. Recommended neonatal EEG montages are displayed for the reduced set of electrodes only since the montages in Guideline 3 should be used for a 21-electrode 10-20 system array. Neonatal documentation is updated to use current American Academy of Pediatrics term "postmenstrual age" rather than "conceptional age." Finally, because therapeutic hypothermia alters the prognostic value of neonatal EEG, the necessity of documenting the patient’s temperature at the time of recording is emphasized. Copyright © 2016 by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.

关键词： EEG    electroencephalography    guideline    technical standard  

摘要： Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size

关键词： Electroencephalography  

摘要： This EEG Guideline incorporates the practice of structuring a report of results obtained during routine adult electroencephalography. It is intended to reflect one of the current practices in reporting an EEG and serves as a revision of the previous guideline entitled "Writing an EEG Report." The goal of this guideline is not only to convey clinically relevant information, but also to improve interrater reliability for clinical and research use by standardizing the format of EEG reports. With this in mind, there is expanded documentation of the patient history to include more relevant clinical information that can affect the EEG recording and interpretation. Recommendations for the technical conditions of the recording are also enhanced to include post hoc review parameters and type of EEG recording. Sleep feature documentation is also expanded upon. More descriptive terms are included for background features and interictal discharges that are concordant with efforts to standardize terminology. In the clinical correlation section, examples of common clinical scenarios are now provided that encourages uniformity in reporting. Including digital samples of abnormal waveforms is now readily available with current EEG recording systems and may be beneficial in augmenting reports when controversial waveforms or important features are encountered. Copyright © 2016 by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.

关键词： 植物生理学   实验课   科研能力  

摘要： 目前地方高校植物生理学实验课教学主要是基础验证性实验,同时课堂中"注入式"教学方法不利于激发学生学习热情和培养学生动手与科研思维能力。针对这些问题,对植物生理实验课教学进行了改革,将单一的小实验进行有机融合,使之成为综合性实验,从而提高学生的知识系统性、实验主动性以及科研创新能力。让学生参与实验准备环节以提高学生的动手能力,在课堂中运用启发式教学以提高学生学习兴趣和教学效果。此外,将实验报告改革为研究论文,从而提高学生的科研论文写作能力。

关键词： Electroencephalography  

摘要： This revision to the EEG Guidelines is an update incorporating current electroencephalography technology and practice and was previously published as Guideline 6. A discussion of methodology for the appropriate selection of reference electrodes is added. In addition, montages are added to assist with localization of abnormal activity in mesial frontal and anterior temporal regions. Copyright © 2016 by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.

关键词： BRAIN imaging   NEUROPHYSIOLOGY   NEURODEVELOPMENTAL treatment   BRAIN function localization   SYMPTOMS   PSYCHOLOGICAL aspects  

关键词： Neurophysiology   EEG   VEEG   Standard format   Common data format   Compression   Encryption   SCP-ECG  

摘要： The lack of interoperability between information networks is a significant source of cost in health care. Standardized data formats decrease health care cost, improve quality of care, and facilitate biomedical research. There is no common standard digital format for storing clinical neurophysiologic data. This review proposes a new standard file format for neurophysiology data (the bulk of which is video-electroencephalographic data), entitled the Multiscale Electrophysiology Format, version 3 (MEF3), which is designed to address many of the shortcomings of existing formats. MEF3 provides functionality that addresses many of the limitations of current formats. The proposed improvements include (1) hierarchical file structure with improved organization; (2) greater extensibility for big data applications requiring a large number of channels, signal types, and parallel processing; (3) efficient and flexible lossy or lossless data compression; (4) industry standard multilayered data encryption and time obfuscation that permits sharing of human data without the need for deidentification procedures; (5) resistance to file corruption; (6) facilitation of online and offline review and analysis; and (7) provision of full open source documentation. At this time, there is no other neurophysiology format that supports all of these features. MEF3 is currently gaining industry and academic community support. The authors propose the use of the MEF3 as a standard format for neurophysiology recording and data exchange. Collaboration between industry, professional organizations, research communities, and independent standards organizations is needed to move the project forward.

关键词： SOMATOSENSORY-EVOKED-POTENTIALS   TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION   CENTRAL MOTOR CONDUCTION   SPINAL-CORD   RADIOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS   COMPRESSIVE MYELOPATHY   ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION   SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT   SCOLIOSIS SURGERY   CASE SERIES  

摘要： Study design: Topical review of the literature. Objective: The objective of this review article was to assess indications and usefulness of various neurophysiological techniques in diagnosis and management of cervical spondylogenic myelopathy (CSM). Methods: The MEDLINE, accessed by Pubmed and EMBASE electronic databases, was searched using the medical subject headings: 'compressive myelopathy', 'cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM)', 'cervical spondylogenic myelopathy', 'motor evoked potentials (MEPs)', 'transcranial magnetic stimulation', 'somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs)', 'electromyography (EMG)', 'nerve conduction studies (NCS)' and 'cutaneous silent period (CSP)'. Results: SEPs and MEPs recording can usefully supplement clinical examination and neuroimaging findings in assessing the spinal cord injury level and severity. Segmental cervical cord dysfunction can be revealed by an abnormal spinal N13 response, whereas the P14 potential is a reliable marker of dorsal column impairment. MEPs may also help in the differential diagnosis between spinal cord compression and neurodegenerative disorders. SEPs and MEPs are also useful in follow-up evaluation of sensory and motor function during surgical treatment and rehabilitation. EMG and NCS improve the sensitivity of cervical radiculopathy detection and may help rule out peripheral nerve problems that can cause symptoms that are similar to those of CSM. CSP also shows a high sensitivity for detecting CSM. Conclusion: Neuroimaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging, represents the procedure of choice for the diagnosis of CSM, but a correct interpretation of morphological findings can be achieved only if they are correlated with functional data. The studies reported in this review highlight the crucial role of the electrophysiological studies in diagnosis and management of CSM.