关键词： electrophysiology   windows   COM   VBScript   structured storage   automation   scripting  

摘要： Current computer programs for intracellular recordings often lack advanced data management, are usually incompatible with other applications and are also difficult to adapt to new experiments. We have addressed these shortcomings in e-Phys, a suite of electrophysiology applications for intracellular recordings. The programs in e-Phys use Component Object Model (COM) technologies available in the Microsoft Windows operating system to provide enhanced data storage, increased interoperability between e-Phys and other COM-aware applications, and easy customization of data acquisition and analysis thanks to a script-based integrated programming environment. Data files are extensible, hierarchically organized and integrated in the Windows shell by using the Structured Storage technology. Data transfers to and from other programs are facilitated by implementing the ActiveX Automation standard and distributed COM (DCOM). ActiveX Scripting allows experimenters to write their own event-driven acquisition and analysis programs in the VBScript language from within e-Phys. Scripts can reuse components available from other programs on other machines to create distributed meta-applications. This paper describes the main features of e-Phys and how this package was used to determine the effect of the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine on synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Humans   Magnetic Resonance Imaging   Nervous System/physiopathology*   Pain/diagnosis*   Pain/physiopathology*   Sensory Receptor Cells/physiopathology   Tomography, Emission-Computed  

关键词： 镇痛   硬膜外   麻醉   硬膜外   消化生理学   消化系统/药物作用   白细胞/药物作用   局部血流/生理学   交感神经系统/药物作用   交感神经系统/生理学   胸部   动物   人类   兔  

摘要： SPLANCHNIC hypoperfusion following low systemic perfusion due to trauma, hemorrhage, or circulatory shock is thought to form part of the host response to these types of injury. At the level of the microcirculation, hypoperfusion may result either from redirection of blood flow away from the splanchnic organs, mediated by increased sympathetic activity, or from impaired blood flow distribution within the microvascular networks. Because splanchnic hypoperfusion is considered to be important in the development of increased mucosal permeability, endotoxemia, and organ failure, the adequacy of gastrointestinal perfusion has become a major concern in high-risk surgical and critically ill patients. 1 The importance of this concept is further emphasized by the observation that gastrointestinal hypoperfusion is also associated with increased mortality rates in such patients. 2,3

关键词： neuron   membrane potential   action potential   threshold   refractory period   membrane permeability  

摘要： A computer-assisted learning (CAL) package, NeuroLab, developed for use by first-year university students undertaking professional programs in the health area, is described and evaluated. NeuroLab is a simulation of a laboratory, in which students are able to impale neurons to measure resting membrane potentials and subsequently undertake experiments including measuring resting membrane potentials, determining threshold potentials, measuring refractory periods, and examining effects on membrane potential through altering the membrane permeability to sodium and potassium ions. Students find the package to be a worthwhile learning experience, with 81 +/- 2.2% reporting the package increased their understanding of neuron function, and 78 +/- 2.5% expressing a desire for more CAL packages. Exposure to the package resulted in significantly higher mean scores in a multiple-choice question test on measuring neuron membrane potentials compared with those who were not exposed ( mean scores out of 4 of 2.42 and 2.02, respectively, P < 0.001).

关键词： emotion   affective style   affective neuroscience   prefrontal cortex   amygdala  

摘要： This article reviews the author's program of research on the neural substrates of emotion and affective style and their behavioral and peripheral biological correlates. Two core dimensions along which affect is organized are approach and withdrawal. Some of the key circuitry underlying approach and withdrawal components of emotion is reviewed with an emphasis on the role played by different sectors of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala. Affective style refers to individual differences in valence-specific features of emotional reactivity and regulation. The different parameters of affective style can be objectively measured using specific laboratory probes. Relations between individual differences in prefrontal and amygdala function and specific components of affective style are illustrated. The final section of the article concludes with a brief discussion of plasticity in the central circuitry of emotion and the possibility that this circuitry can be shaped by training experiences that might potentially promote a more resilient, positive affective style. The implications of this body of work for a broader conception of psychophysiology and for training the next generation of psychophysiologists are considered in the conclusion.

关键词： active learning   conceptual models   constructivism  

摘要： Educational research has demonstrated that the use of concrete objects or manipulatives in the classroom enhances problem-solving skills and conceptual learning. This project examines the use of manipulatives in a neurophysiology curriculum and assesses their effectiveness on student comprehension. Three activities, building an ion channel, building a nerve cell, and passive membrane properties, were developed using modeling clay and beads as manipulatives. Their effect on learning was assessed in a neurobiology class that had been divided into an experimental group that worked with manipulative-based activities and a control group that did not. After the experimental group had completed the manipulative activity, both groups were given a quiz. Students who had used manipulatives scored significantly better than those who had not. In a second study, students were given a quiz before and after completing a manipulative activity. Students who had used manipulatives showed the greatest grade improvement. These studies suggest that manipulative activities can be used to enhance learning in the neurophysiology curriculum.

关键词： microelectrode array   fabrication   retinal signals  

摘要： One area of major inter-disciplinary co-operation is between the particle physics and bio-medical communities. The type of large detector arrays and fast electronics developed in laboratories like CERN are becoming used for a wide range of medical and biological experiments. In the present work fabrication technology developed for producing semiconductor radiation detectors has been applied to produce arrays which have been used in neuro-physiological experiments on retinal tissue. We have exploited UVIII, a low molecular weight resist, that has permitted large area electron beam lithography. This allows the resolution to go below that of conventional photolithography and hence the production of densely packed similar to500 electrode arrays with feature sizes down to below 2 mum. The neural signals from significant areas of the retina may thus be captured. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 森田疗法   焦虑症   患者   神经生理学   精神生理学   体温节律   强迫症   神经官能症  

摘要： 森田疗法(1920年)是由森田正马创立的日本独特的精神疗法,已被证实对神经症,特别是对森田神经质治疗有效.有关森田疗法体温节律等神经生理学方面的研究则较少,从精神生理学角度(psychophysiological)研究森田疗法的第一人是远藤[3],研究题目是"神经质性失眠的精神生理学研究".远藤认为由于神经症患者一遇困境就紧张,并把注意力转向自己,所以夸大入睡时间和过低估计自己的睡眠时间引发焦虑.不过远藤的研究中限于观察患者一个晚上的表现,并没深究森田疗法绝对卧床期(absolute bedrest condition)的表现.……

关键词： 心理生理学   运动   焦虑   体育  

摘要： 随着竞技运动的日益复杂,运动水平的不断提高,心理生理学在体育运动中的作用日趋重要。本文通过对心理生理学在体育运动中的运用的阐述,说明了心理生理学在体育运动中运用的广泛性与重要性,同时为心理生理学这门新兴的边缘学科添一块砖。

关键词： FHA   功能性下丘脑性闭经   激素水平   心理生理学   骨密度  

摘要： Objective:The study aimed at investigating the impact factors of ***:The 33-pair subjects were both implemented laboratory check about β-EP,ACTH,FSH,LH ,E2 in blood and questionnaire about Life Event Scale,EPQ and Coping ***: As for the results of the single factor logistic,the impact factors were very *** the mechanism of FHA resulted from multi-factor *** main factors determining whether women suffered from FHA or not were life event,β-EP and withdrawing coping ***:The psycholosocial factors of life events,personality and coping styles play important roles in the onset of FHA.