关键词： 联想   儿童发育/生理学   习惯化   心理生理学   婴儿行为/生理学   婴儿行为/心理学   婴儿   新生/生理学   婴儿   新生/心理学   学习/生理学   记忆/生理学   人类   婴儿  

关键词： 神经生理学   杏仁核/生理学   一氧化氮合酶/分离和提纯   中缝核/生理学   大鼠   动物  

摘要： 目的:观察大鼠中缝背核(DR)内一氧化氮合酶(NOS)阳性神经元向中央杏仁核(CeA)的投射,为进一步阐明一氧化氮(NO)参与情绪、疼痛、内脏心血管活动的中枢调节机制提供形态学资料。方法:用黄递酶(NADPH-d)组织化学染色结合辣根过氧化酶(HRP)逆行追踪技术,观察大鼠DR内向CeA投射的NOS阳性神经元的分布与形态。结果:DR内有一定数目的NOS/HRP双标阳性神经元,主要分布在外侧部与背正中部。结论:DR内有部分NOS阳性神经元向CeA投射,提示NO在DR至CeA上行感觉传导通路中起重要的神经递质作用。

关键词： 感觉神经动作电位   比目鱼肌   医科   顺向传导   潜伏期   正常值   神经生理学   反射   性别   差异  

摘要： 0224039 比目鱼肌 H 反射和 F 波潜伏期的正常值和左右侧的差异/Strakowski J A∥Am J Phys Med Rehabil.-2001,80(7).-491～493 医科图0224040 性别对顺向传导的感觉神经动作电位扩大的影响/Shehab D K∥Am JPhys Med Rehabil.-2001,80(10).

关键词： 脊髓损伤   昏迷   末梢神经损害   兴髓性颈椎病   神经生理学   脑血管病   临床应用   电刺激   多发性硬化症   运动神经原病   脊髓病   运动诱发电位  

摘要： 在临床神经生理学中,脑、末梢运动神经、感觉神经、以深感觉为主的系统、神经肌接头、肌肉、视觉及听觉系统等都已有相应的检查法,惟独中枢运动系统(特别是临床上最关心的皮质脊髓束)直到不久前仍是一个空白,这一领域可说是人们的一个梦想,尽管19世纪已在动物和开颅手术的病人中发现可以用电刺激中枢神经,但因颅骨阻抗高,在头皮上用常规电刺激不能刺激到大脑皮层运动区,因此无法用作临床神经学检查.

关键词： 磁共振扫描   生物钟基因   前方视野   电刺激   脊髓灰质   神经生理学   耳蜗神经核   脑内   功能磁共振   定位  

摘要： 0231940 人类前方视野定位:功能磁共振扫描和脑内电刺激的解剖和功能的发现/Lobei B∥J Neurosurg.-2001,95(5).-804～815

关键词： 电生理学   神经生理学   递质摄取抑制剂   神经元   P300   ERPs   神经递质  

摘要： P300是事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERPs)内源性成分中潜伏期在300 ms左右的正相诱发电位,与大脑的认知加工过程密切相关.P300电位是多结构起源的神经细胞电活动的综合场电位,其构成主要是神经细胞兴奋性突触后电位(EPSP)、抑制性突触后电位(IPSP)及动作电位.P300电位受多种神经递质系统(如胆碱能、氨基酸类、多巴胺能、5-羟色胺能、去甲肾上腺素能等)的影响.本文就这些神经递质对P300的影响作一综述.

关键词： 现代远程开放教育   行为主义   教育哲学   生理学   基础医学   教学模式  

摘要： 任何教学模式都基于一定的理论基础.正如乔伊斯和威尔所说:"每一个模式都有一个内在的理论基础.也就是说,它们的创造者向我们提供了一个说明我们为什么期望它们实现预期目标的原则."现代远程开放教育教学模式所要构建的理论基础,与生理学、心理学和哲学的最新发展紧密相关.

关键词： 刺激伪迹   电刺激   连续测定   神经生理学   恒功率   斜方肌   展开式   踏车   肌力   双极  

摘要： 0227741 三极和双极电刺激时刺激伪迹的比较/Wee A S//Electromyogr Clin Neuro-physiol.-2001,41(3).-153～158冀医图0227742 以恒功率输出踏车连续测定肌力时的肌动应/Perry S R//ElectromyogrClin Neurophysiol.-2001,41(3).-137～144

关键词： cardiac   electroneurodiagnostic   neurophysiology   orthopedic surgeon   pulmonary   technologists   transcranial Doppler   Wada testing  

摘要： The saying goes, "The times they are a-changing. " This can be applied to many areas of our lives, our families, and our profession. With the advancements in technology, our profession has grown by leaps and bounds and, also with these advancements, the opportunities within our profession have multiplied. This presentation takes a look at where we were and where we are going within neurolphysiology. It will also explore the new opportunities that are available for career advancements or expansions still remaining within the realm of neurolphysiology, and the educational needs that parallel these changes.

关键词： single units   evoked potentials   auditory cortex   speech sounds   perception   neural representation   N-1 morphology   mismatch negativity  

摘要： Evoked electric potential and magnetic field studies have the immense benefit that they can be conducted in awake, behaving humans and can be directly correlated with aspects of perception. As such, they are powerful objective indicators of perceptual properties. However, given a set of evoked potential and/or evoked field waveforms and their source locations, obtained for an exhaustive set of stimuli and stimulus contrasts, is it possible to determine blindly, i.e. predict, what the stimuli or stimulus contrasts were? If this can be done with some success, then a useful amount of information resides in scalp-recorded activity for, e.g., the study of auditory speech processing. In this review, we compare neural representations based on single-unit and evoked response activity for vowels and consonant-vowel phonemes with distinctions in formant glides and voice onset time. We conclude that temporal aspects of evoked responses can track some of the dominant response features present in single-unit activity. However, N-1 morphology does not reliably predict phonetic identification of stimuli varying in voice onset time, and the reported appearance of a double-peak onset response in aggregate recordings from the auditory cortex does not indicate a cortical correlate of the perception of voicelessness. This suggests that temporal aspects of single-unit population activity are likely not inclusive enough for representation of categorical perception boundaries. In contrast to population activity based on single-unit recording, the ability to accurately localize the sources of scalp-evoked activity is one of the bottlenecks in obtaining an accessible neurophysiological substrate of perception. Attaining this is one of the requisites to arrive at the prospect of blind determination of stimuli on the basis of evoked responses. At the current sophistication level of recording and analysis, evoked responses remain in the realm of extremely sensitive objective indicators of stim