关键词： 心血管生理学/药物作用   时间疗法/方法   昼夜节律/药物作用   昼夜节律/生理学   消化生理学   消化系统/药物作用   用药计划表   免疫系统/药物作用   免疫系统/生理学   肾/药物作用   肾/生理学   病人遴选   呼吸生理学/药物作用   人类  

关键词： 病理生理学   教学改革   计算机辅助教学   讨论式教学   问题式教学  

摘要： 传统的病理生理学教学模式 ,不利于医学生创新能力的发展 ,已不能适应新时期病理生理学教学的要求。应用现代教育心理学原理 ,改革病理生理学教学模式 ,培养学生的综合素质和创新能力 ,成为病理生理学教学改革的方向。为培养医学生的创新能力 ,为临床和科研工作打下良好的基础 ,本文初步探讨了病理生理学教学改革的模式 ,总结了病理生理学教学改革的经验和实践体会 。

关键词： 脑损伤   脑卒中   康复   神经生理学  

摘要： 尽管随着科学技术的进步,医疗技术的水平也在不断提高,但颅脑损伤和脑卒中的死亡率、致残率依然很高,给社会、家庭、个人带来了很大的负担.由于1928年Cajal断言哺乳动物的中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)没有再生能力,人们对这类疾病后遗症的康复治疗没有给予足够的重视.

关键词： 喉返神经麻痹   概念   治疗   发生学   神经生理学   URLNP  

摘要： 单侧喉返神经麻痹 (URLNP)引起声门闭合不全 ,声门结构发生变化 ,其神经生理学原理至今尚未完全阐明。目前治疗 URLNP的声带内移手术主要有四种 ,即声带内注射术 ,外径路甲状软骨内移整形术 ,杓状软骨内收术和喉神经移植术。每项手术都有其特别的适应证和优越性。喉解剖、生理和神经生理学知识对确定最佳的治疗方式是必要的。本文献综述的目的是叙述当前喉生理学和神经生理学的观念 ,总结现行的 URL NP的治疗方法。

摘要： The small number of patients and the short treatment duration probably caused the controversial results. Assumed that there is no functional exchange between sensory and motor fascicles along a peripheral nerve, the recording of nerve action potential from a nerve's surface subsequent to an MEP-stimulus would identify the very nerve to be a motor nerve. Subsequently, patients were fully relaxed and spinal roots of the damaged nerves transcutaneously stimulated with surface electrodes placed paravertebrally on the ipsilateral side over the respective nerve segments (Digitimer D185, monophasic square wave pulse, 50 sec duration, 300-1000 volts, according to the security standards of the EC-maximum load/stimulus: 330 millijoule). Special indications for an earlier PEG tube insertion: patients with tracheostomy, confused and non-compliant patients with NGT irritation, aphasic patients with a need of logopaedic therapy. [Extracted from the article]

关键词： Adult   Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale   Female   Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/diagnostic use   Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/pharmacokinetics   Frontal Lobe/anatomy & histology   Humans   Magnetic Resonance Imaging   Male   Memory Disorders/diagnosis   Memory Disorders/etiology*   Neuropsychological Tests   Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism*   Radiopharmaceuticals/diagnostic use   Radiopharmaceuticals/diagnostic use   Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics   Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics   Schizophrenia/classification   Schizophrenia/complications*   Schizophrenia/diagnosis   Temporal Lobe/anatomy & histology   Tomography, Emission-Computed   Verbal Learning  

摘要： Memory performance was examined in patients with schizophrenia to determine whether subgroups conforming to cortical and subcortical dementias could be identified and, if so, whether subgroups differed on clinical, neuroanatomical, and neurophysiological measures. A cluster analysis of California Verbal Learning Test performance classified patients into 3 subgroups. Two groups exhibited memory deficits consistent with the cortical-subcortical distinction, whereas I group was unimpaired. Cortical patients tended to be male, and they had earlier illness onset, reduced temporal lobe gray matter, and hypometabolism. Subcortical patients had ventricular enlargement and more negative symptoms. Unimpaired patients had fewer negative symptoms and dorsal medial prefrontal hypermetabolism. The authors conclude that categorizing patients on the basis of memory deficits may yield neurobiologically meaningful disease subtypes.

关键词： NEUROPHYSIOLOGY   PRIMATES   NEURONS  

摘要： Neurophysiological studies in human patients, with experiments of the kind traditionally reserved for monkeys, are beginning to provide valuable insight into the workings of the brain. Taking center stage is the question of which neurons lie at the heart of perception itself.

关键词： 中华医学会   肌电图   临床神经生理学术会议   述评  

摘要： 中华医学会第八届全国肌电图与临床神经生理学术会议于2002年3月11～12日在福建省厦门市召开,来自全国近300名代表参加了会议.

关键词： Bibliometrics*   History, 20th Century   Psychophysiology/history*   Psychophysiology/statistics & numerical data  

摘要： The ground covered by psychophysiology throughout the decades prior to its constitution as an independent discipline has not been well documented, despite its historical interest. A bibliometric study of the research published in scientific journals by 66 of the most relevant psychophysiologists from 1930 to 1964, analyzing the contents of the records indexed in the PsycINFO database, gives us an image of the state of the emergent discipline during that period. This study reveals that this was a period of consolidation, marked by the refinement of instruments and procedures, the characterization of measurements, and the establishment of the basic relationships between physiological and psychological variables, the development and validation of basic constructs such as activation, or interest in the study of psychopathology. In these years the foundations of psychophysiology were laid, leading to the formalization of the discipline at the end of the period.