关键词： 视网膜移植术   神经生理学   神经递质  

摘要： 视网膜移植术神经生理学研究虽刚刚起步，但成绩菲然。乙酰胆碱，谷氨酸盐及γ－氨基丁酸能协助调理胚胎视网膜的发生和发育，并调节视网膜移植片中枢内存活和功能表达。选用特殊的植片、实验条件和各种新研究方法，视网膜植片不但能与大脑中枢建立正常的结构和功能联系，而且参与宿主的行为过程。

摘要： Rene Descartes was early accused of taking his central philosophical proposition from St Augustine. Did he also take his central neurophysiological concept from the same source? This is the question which this paper sets out to answer. It is concluded that the foundational neurophysiology propounded in L'Homme does indeed show strong and interesting resemblences to Augustine's largely Erasistratean version. Descartes, however, working within the new paradigm of seventeenth-century physical science, introduced a new principle: whereas Augustine's neurophysiology is pervaded throughout by a vital factor, the pneuma, Descartes' theory involved only inanimate material forces. It is concluded, further, that in spite of the interesting similarities between Augustinian and Cartesian neurophysiology there is no evidence for any direct plagiarism. It seems more likely that Augustine's influence was filtered through the Galenical physiologists of Descartes' own time and of the preceding century.

关键词： Animals   Discrimination Learning   Electric Stimulation   Evoked Potentials   Somatosensory   Macaca mulatta   Neurons   Physical Stimulation   Somatosensory Cortex   Touch  

摘要： Monkeys trained to distinguish touch stimuli that 'flutter' with different frequencies can similarly distinguish electrical stimulation of the somatosensory cortex according to its frequency;the implication is that the electrically-evoked patterns of cortical activity cause flutter sensations similar to those induced by touch.

关键词： 新生儿   性别   产褥期   心理生理学  

摘要： 目的：了解新生儿性别对产妇心理及生理的影响。方法：采用神经症筛选表及症状自评量表评定新生儿为男性的产妇８０例，新生儿为女性的产妇１１０例；并对比产后出血量、子宫复旧和乳汁分泌的差异。结果：新生儿为女性的产妇神经症筛选表及症状自评量表得分较高，产后出血量较多。结论：应加强对生女孩的产妇的心理咨询服务。

关键词： 衰老/免疫学   衰老/生理学   衰老/心理学   健康教育   免疫   天然   预期寿命   身体素质   心理生理学   自我护理   美国   老年人   老年人   80以上   人类   中年人  

摘要： Growing old is not what it used to be. Many self-care actions can enhance one's chance of growing old without illness or disease. This necessitates preparing for old age while one is young. Preparation for second adulthood can vastly improve physical and emotional health in old age. It is important that nurses and other health care professionals teach health promotion strategies to persons at all ages in order to assist individuals to live life to its fullest throughout their lifetime.

关键词： Animals   Behavior   Animal   Macaca mulatta   Motor Neurons   Neurophysiology   Physical Stimulation   Psychomotor Performance   Somatosensory Cortex   Touch  

摘要： Objects differ along many stimulus dimensions, but observers typically group them into fewer 'categories' according to their potential use or behavioral relevance. New experiments in awake, behaving monkeys open a window onto the process of stimulus categorization within the central nervous system. (C) Current Biology Ltd ISSN 0960-9822.

关键词： 生理学   生理科学   圣彼得堡   专题讨论会   中国生理学会   神经生理学   运动生理   中枢神经系统   细胞凋亡   细胞和分子机制  

摘要： 整合生理学：从分子到人类第３３届国际生理科学大会在圣彼得堡召开中科院上海脑研究所柯尊记本世纪最后一次国际生理科学大会于１９９７年６月２９日至７月５日在风景优美的历史名城圣彼得堡召开。圣彼得堡位于波罗的海芬兰湾东岸、涅瓦河口，是俄罗斯的古都，也是现代生...

关键词： 自我主动情绪唤醒   肾上腺素   运动心理学   山东体育学院学报   心理生理学   自我调节   精神内分泌学   心理训练   血糖   心率  

摘要： G804.8,G804.7 9801536自我主动情绪唤醒对血清肾上腺素水平影响的研究=Research of the influence of self-active emotionarousing on serum adrenaline[刊,中,A]/魏平,隋波,王存忠,肖博,孟令瑜∥山东体育学院学报.-1997.-13(4).-1-6,50表3参15(TY)

关键词： Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease   hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN)   muscle biopsy   muscle fibre atrophy   muscle fibre hypertrophy  

摘要： Nine patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with reduced motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), i.e. type 1 (CMT1), demyelinating form, and nine patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with normal or near-normal MNCV, i.e. type 2 (CMT2), axonal form, were subjected to percutaneous muscle biopsy from the anterior tibial muscle in order to characterize histopathological abnormalities and evaluate differences between the two groups. Data from the biopsies were compared with those from 18 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. Muscle biopsies from the CMT1 patients exhibited angular atrophic fibres that were scattered or in small groups, findings commonly described as neuropathic. Muscle biopsies from the CMT2 patients exhibited atrophic fibres that were rounded or elongated in groups and hypertrophic fibres with central nuclei and fibre splitting. There were also increased amounts of connective tissue, 'whorled fibres', degeneration and signs of regeneration, findings commonly regarded as myopathic. In conclusion, muscle biopsies from patients with CMT1 and CMT2 showed markedly different histopathological abnormalities. Possible underlying mechanisms are discussed. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

关键词： driver workplace   workload   task analysis   eye-movements   electro-cardiogram  

摘要： Psychophysiological measures offer objective information for workplace design according to user requirements. They are, however, rarely applied in industrial practice due to weak points from the designer's point of view, such as the differentiation of various superimposed stressors, inter-individual differences, and the effort required for data aquisition and handling. In this study a set of psychophysiological methods was used to analyse bus driver workplaces as a basis for redesign, and afterwards to evaluate design improvements. During inner-city operation bus drivers are exposed to a particular workload situation, especially due to the high density of traffic and bus stops. Their job is characterized by highly frequent and often simultaneous task execution, performed with a compulsory body posture and under exposure to vibration and noise. To reduce the workload related to the equipment and tasks of bus driving, a research project was initiated to design a new driver workplace that meets the specific ergonomic requirements of the drivers. A detailed workload analysis, consisting of a task analysis, a strain analysis derived from ECG measures and an eye movement analysis was performed during public bus driving in different cities and with different drivers and bus types. Although the results have to be considered as somewhat limited owing to the methodological restraints and conditions of a field study, they provided valuable guidance for design. A new concept for the driver cabin was created based on this database. After installation, this design was evaluated by similar psychophysiological measures. Comparison of the pre-and post results indicates that the redesigned work station reduced workload levels.