关键词： 补充疗法/经济学   补充疗法/发展趋势   费用效益分析   健康维护组织/发展趋势   健康促进/经济学   健康促进/发展趋势   整体保健   保险范围   心理生理学   美国   人类  

关键词： Noctuidae   Sesamia nonagrioides   stalk corn borer   hydroxamic acid   DIMBOA   digestive proteases   detoxification enzymes   nutritional indices  

摘要： The hydroxamic acid 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3 (DIMBOA) was assessed for its effect on growth and digestive physiology of larvae of the stalk corn borer Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. Nutritional indices and activities of some digestive and detoxification enzymes were determined for larvae feeding on a DIMBOA-containing diet for the first two days of the third instar (short-term feeding assays), and from neonates to third instar (longterm feeding assays). DIMBOA reduced the relative growth rate and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food without affecting the relative consumption rate in long-term feeding assays, but it had no effect in short-term assays. Moreover, elastase-like activity was significantly increased by DIMBOA in short-term feeding assays, whereas microsomal oxidase activity was increased and esterase activity was reduced in long-term feeding assays. In vitro, DIMBOA inhibited the activities of carboxypeptidases, aminopeptidase, glutathione S-transferase and esterase, but it had no effect on trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase, The implications of the altered levels of proteases and detoxification enzyme activities on the digestive physiology of larvae feeding on DIMBOA-containing diets are discussed. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： epileptic negative myoclonus   idiopathic localization-related epilepsy   ethosuximide therapy   absence seizure  

摘要： Epileptic negative myoclonus (ENM) is a recently defined epileptic seizure type seen in various epileptic syndromes. Although the long-term prognosis appears to be favorable, the treatment of localization-related epilepsy (LRE) with ENM in childhood is sometimes difficult due to the apparently pharmaco-resistant nature of ENM. We evaluated the effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in 10 patients with ENM. Carbamazepine was administered to eight patients, none of whom improved. Responses to clonazepam and valproic acid were unpredictable, whereas ethosuximide (ESM) achieved complete control of ENM in all six cases treated with this drug as adjunctive therapy. The pharmacological responses of ENM to CBZ and ESM were quite similar to those of absence seizures. According to the SPECT and ictal EEC findings in addition to the pharmacological responses from this study, we favor to postulate that ENM is produced by a direct inhibitory action on the motor cortex resulting in the interruption of voluntary muscle contraction as generated by sharp-slow wave complexes, compatible with the mechanism considered to underlie absence seizures. ENM are refractory to treatment and persisting if the wrong AEDs, such as PHT or CBZ, are selected at the diagnosis of LRE. We recommended a trial of ESM when ENM develops during the clinical course of LRE regardless of etiology.

关键词： Animals   Cerebral Cortex   Humans   Neurons   Synapses   Synaptic Transmission  

摘要： Recent evidence suggests that 'autapses' - synapses made by a neuron with itself - are much more common in the brain than previously thought, leading to the possibility that they are more than just curiosities and may have a real physiological role.

关键词： 神经营养因子   神经功能   神经生理学   脊髓   乙酰胆碱   释放   运动神经系   海马   刺激   恢复  

摘要： 9800221 乙酰胆碱刺激脊髓 NO 释放/Xu Z//Anesthesiology.-1996,85(1).-107～111 四军大9800222 神经营养因子对神经功能的恢复观察[日]/吉川美子//神经研究.-1996,40(5).-856～864

关键词： 灵长类动物   心因性   神经生理学   行为反应   心理学方法   医学心理学   病理心理学   应激   监测   生物  

摘要： 9800413 小型群居灵长类动物(Cal-lithrix jacchus jacchus)心因性应激的生物行为反应/Johnson E O//Biol Psychiatry.-1996,40(5).-317～337 北精情9800414 以神经生理学和神经心理学方法监测在极端艰难环境中开车时的疲劳/Moglia A//Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol.-1997,37(2).-67～72

关键词： 神经生理学   运动单位   磁性   经颅   电位   记忆   激活   抑制   兴奋   刺激  

摘要： 9808030 经颅磁性刺激后运动激活电位抑制和运动后兴奋的特征/Samli A//Neurology.-1996,46(5).～1376～1382湘医图9808031 Gowers 记忆/Sacks O//Neu-rology.-1996,46(5).

关键词： 神经科学   脑   神经生理学  

摘要： 文章论述了神经科学研究的特点，近年取得的重大进展和主要发展趋势。

关键词： 运动训练   临床科   脑代谢   神经生理学   注意力   中央沟   电刺激   硬膜下   感觉区   大脑皮层  

摘要： 9804140 运动训练和小脑[日]/永雄总一//临床科学.-1996,32(8).-1005～1010 冀医情9804141 脑代谢的方式对声调认知作业时注意力的付出敏感/Holcomb H H//BiolPsychiatry.-1996,39(12).-1013～1022北精情9804142 中央沟分为运动和感觉区吗?通过置于硬膜下电极所产生的电刺激来显示手功能远在大脑皮层的位置/Nii Y//Neurology.-1996,46(2).

关键词： 航天医学   握力   心率   记忆   短时   精神运动性行为   心理生理学   宇宙飞行   应激   心理学   失重   人类  

摘要： A complex psychophysiological test battery (ECG, blood pressure, SCL, finger temperature e.t.c.) was applied on two subjects in space. It could be shown that the subjects react under space conditions differently than on earth. The data received could be classified into four types of regulation. The subjects changed this type of regulation during the flight and returned to their former pattern after the flight. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.