关键词： 突触传递   长时程抑制   神经生理学  

摘要： 长时程抑制（ＬＴＤ）是突触可塑性的重要形式之一。根据诱导条件及部位的不同，ＬＴＤ至少可分为四种类型。本文就ＬＴＤ的诱导和调制机理及其与学习、记忆的关系作一介绍。

关键词： 神经生理学   一氧化氮/生理学  

关键词： 心身健康   自我调节   不良情绪   情绪反应   人格特征   生理变化   心身疾病   认知过程   神经生理学   人生态度  

摘要： 在日常生活中,人的情绪不仅与学习和工作效率有关,而且与其自身心理的发展、潜能的开发、生活的质量,以及心身的健康等因素均密切相关。实践表明:良好的情绪可以使青少年朋友们有广泛的学习兴趣,主动的活动意识,积极的人生态度,健康的人格特征;更可以使中老年朋友们的工作、学习和生活顺心如愿,愉快、幸福。特别是积极开朗的情绪对各种疾病的治愈大有益处。 神经生理学家巴甫洛夫说过:“忧愁、顾虑和悲观,可以使人得病;积极、愉快、坚强的意志和乐观的情绪可以战胜疾病,更可以使人强壮和长寿。”这方面的例子不胜枚举:

关键词： 焦虑症   心理生理学   模拟应激  

摘要： 目的:探索焦虑症患者心理生理学指标的特点.方法:对31例焦虑症患者和23名健康志愿者应用多导电生理仪对模拟应激前后的心理生理学指标进行检测,并在治疗1月后复查;同时进行相关心理指标的评估.

关键词： Larynx · Ear · Auditory · Amphibian · Sex differences  

摘要： We examined auditory tuning and the morphology of the anatomical structures underlying acoustic communication in female Hyla microcephala and H. ebraccata and compared our findings to data from a previous study (Wilczynski et al. 1993) in which we showed species differences in the traits that in males relate to differences in the species-typical calls. Female species differences in the best excitatory frequency (BEF) of the basilar papilla (BP) were similar to the differences seen in males, and females had a significantly lower BEF in H. ebraccata, but not H. microcephala. In both species, females had lower BP thresholds. Snout-vent length, head width, and tympanic membrane diameters were sexually dimorphic in both species and larger in females, whereas laryngeal components were sexually dimorphic and larger in males. Middle and inner ear volumes were not sexually dimorphic. Despite the significant species differences in laryngeal morphology seen in males, female larynges are not significantly different. Furthermore, the interaction of species and sex differences resulted in significantly different degrees of sex dimorphism in the species, particularly for the larynx, which is more sexually dimorphic in H. microcephala, and measures of body size, which are more dimorphic in H. ebraccata.

关键词： cardiovascular reactivity   children and adolescents   gender   race   impedance cardiography  

摘要： The objectives of the present study were threefold: (a) to compare the patterns of hemodynamic responding of children and adolescents during behavioral challenges, (b) to examine whether previously reported cardiovascular reactivity differences between Black and White children are dependent on pubertal status, and (c) to assess whether gender differences in hemodynamic response reported for adults is similar in children. One hundred fifty-nine children (ages 8-10 years) and adolescents (ages 15-17 years), equally divided along gender and racial lines, participated in a laboratory protocol consisting of a reaction time task, a mirror tracing task, a cold forehead challenge, and a stress interview. Results indicated that adolescents responded with greater beta-adrenergic activation than did children and that gender differences in reactivity often reported for adults emerged more clearly in the adolescents than in the children. This study failed to replicate prior findings of greater vasoconstrictive responses in Black children as compared with White children.

关键词： 磁共振   视神经   大脑功能   神经生理学   分光镜   微球   脑血流自动调节   儿童   放射   彩色  

摘要： 9738870 应用非放射活性彩色微球测定兔视神经血流/Orgl S//Microvasc Res.-1996,51(2).-175～186 湘医图9738871 用磁共振分光镜显示儿童一侧大脑功能/Gadian D G//Neurology.-1996,46(4).-974～977

关键词： 电针刺激   针刺镇痛   阿片肽   基因表达   神经生理学  

摘要： 我室以往的工作证明2Hz和100Hz电针可引起中枢释放不同种类的阿片肽，本工作试图阐明不同频率的电针是否影响三种阿片肽的基因转录。用地高辛标记的反义cRNA探针进行原位杂交，显示大鼠脑内前脑啡肽原（preproenkephalin，PPE），前强啡肽原（preprodynorphin，PPD）和前阿黑皮素原（proopiomelanocortin，POMC）mRNA。结果：（1）低、高频电针均不影响POMCmRNA的水平。（2）对PPE的影响，两种频率电针诱导脑干网状结构头端腹内侧区PPEmRNA升高的幅度相似，2Hz电针诱导视上核、视交叉上核、下丘脑室分核、弓状核、腹内侧核反外侧丘系核的PPEmRNA表达比100Hz电外高得多。（3）对PPD的表达，2Hz电针不改变脑内PPDmRNA的水平，100Hz电针可使现上核、下丘脑室旁核、腹内侧核及脑干臂旁核的PPDmRNA明显升高。鉴于肽类的加速释放必然引起合成的增加，上述结果为不同频率电针加速不同内源性阿片肽的释放和合成，从而发挥镇痛作同，提供了有力的佐证。

关键词： 友谊   排尿   尿流率测定   尿道   神经生理学   排泄   输尿管   压力分布   体组织   尿动力学检查  

摘要： ~~

关键词： 神经生理学   P物质   受体   血清素   交感神经节  

摘要： 应用离体神经节细胞内记录，观察到在１３３个豚鼠腹腔神经节（ＣＧ）细胞及１２９个肠系膜下神经节（ＩＭＧ）细胞中，分别有６６个细胞（４９６％）及４７个细胞（３６４％）对Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）及５羟色胺（５ＨＴ）同时敏感，分别有４０个细胞（３０１％）及６５个细胞（５０４％）仅对其中一种递质敏感，另有２７个细胞（２０３％）及１７个细胞（１３２％）对两者都不敏感。用５ＨＴ持续灌流ＩＭＧ，对ＳＰ去极化反应无显著影响，同样用ＳＰ灌注ＩＭＧ，对５ＨＴ去极化反应亦无显著影响。上述结果提示：（１）ＳＰ受体与５ＨＴ受体可以共存于同一细胞，也可以分别存在于不同细胞。（２）ＳＰ与５ＨＴ对他方受体的敏感性无显著影响。