关键词： 儿童   经颅多普勒   神经生理学   TCD   神经病  

摘要： 正常学龄儿童ＴＣＤ的基本特征姜亚平，高琼，王金祥，陈干生近年来有关成人ＴＣＤ正常值及临床资料不断增多，而儿童ＴＣＤ的临床研究尚处于初期阶段，有关儿童ＴＣＤ正常值及其特征报导尚少［１］，现将本院检测的１０９例健康儿童ＴＣＤ正常值及基本特征总结如下：资料...

关键词： 催眠现象   麦比乌斯带   催眠暗示   催眠状态   神经生理学   第二层次   催眠术   角色理论   巴甫洛夫   接受暗示  

摘要： 催眠现象及其机制,是自古以来许多人都想揭开的谜。现代对催眠现象与机制的阐释,存在着多种不同的理论与学说,都从不同的方面和角度对催眠进行了探讨,本文仅就一些主要的理论与学说分四个方面进行分析和综合阐述。

关键词： 中缝大核   视上核   镇痛   神经生理学  

摘要： 运用核团灌流液的放免测定和高压液相色谱法以及核团内注射拮抗剂，观察了化学刺激下丘脑视上核（ＳＯＮ）对中缝大核（ＮＲＭ）灌流液内催产素（ＯＴ）、精氨酸加压素（ＡＶＰ）和５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）含量的影响以及ＮＲＭ内注射ＡＶＰ、５－ＨＴ或ＯＴ受体拮抗剂对痛阈（ＰＴ）的影响。结果表明：ＳＯＮ内注射Ｌ－谷氨酸（Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ）１０μｇ后动物痛阈明显升高，ＮＲＭ灌流液中ＯＴ和５－ＨＴ的含量明显高于对照组水平，ＡＶＰ的含量仅有一过性增加。ＮＲＭ内注射ｏＴ或５－ＨＴ拮抗剂可逆转化学刺激ＳＯＮ引起的镇痛作用；而ＡＶＰ的Ｖ＿(１／２)受体拮抗剂也轻度抑制这种镇痛作用，但Ｖ＿１拮抗剂对此作用无影响。以上结果提示：在刺激ＳＯＮ镇痛中，ＯＴ起着重要作用，Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ刺激ＳＯＮ的ＯＴ细胞释放ＯＴ，作用于ＮＲＭ细胞的ＯＴ受体和Ｖ＿２受体而产生镇痛作用，５－ＨＴ在此过程中也发挥重要作用。

关键词： 血清素   神经递质   受体   神经生理学   分子生物学  

摘要： ５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）及其受体在调节精神神经活动中发挥着十分重要的作用。药理学以及分子克隆的研究都证实脑内的５—ＨＴ受体系统极其复杂，目前已被克隆成功的５－ＨＴ受体的亚基就有十三种。５－ＨＴ３受体在近年来成为这方面的研究热点，这是因为５—ＨＴ３受体不同于其它各类５—ＨＴ受体，是一种配体门控性离子通道；另外５－ＨＴ３受体拮抗剂在临床应用方面有着广阔的前景，因此这项研究得到国外大制药公司的支持。本文综述在５—ＨＴ３受体的生理特性和分子生物学研究中的新进展。

关键词： 人员数据库   论管理   建立数据库   专家数据库   领导干部   创造性   心理生理学   心理素质   市场结构   人员情况  

关键词： Electrocardiography   Ambulatory   Humans   Myocardial Ischemia   Stress   Psychological  

关键词： Deglutition   Humans   Laryngeal Nerves   Laryngectomy   Larynx   Respiration   Vocal Cords  

摘要： A fact well known to all otolaryngologists, but which occasionally bears repeating, is that the larynx is not just an organ of communication. The larynx sits at the crossroads of the pathways of air and food intake, and serves the vital function of keeping ingested food and water from entering the lungs. Another obvious consideration, however, is that if the larynx were not there and ii the breathing and alimentary passages were totally separate (as after surgical laryngectomy), then there would be no need for the larynx other than to speak. Thus, in terms of survival of the organism, laryngectomy can be considered a viable treatment option any time laryngeal dysfunction compromises health. The problem with this line of reasoning, of course, is that speech, in humanistic terms, is a very compelling need. Someone who communicates in any mode other than that of normal speech is at a distinct disadvantage in almost any culture, Therefore, at its essence, the subspecialty of laryngology has as its central mission the preservation or restoration of normal voice and speech by the natural mechanism. In accomplishing this, it is necessary to understand how the larynx functions as an integral component of the systems for speech, breathing, and swallowing. The intent of this article is to outline essential features of laryngeal function, to describe how function is impaired by diseases, and to offer examples of the clinical significance of this information. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

摘要： Lower limb areflexia is generally regarded as an essential criterion for the diagnosis of Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA). We describe a family with a recessive form of early-onset ataxia in which one member had a phenotype typical of FRDA whereas another, with retained tendon reflexes in the lower limbs, did not have electrophysiologic evidence of the usual severe afferent axonal neuropathy of FRDA. In contrast, somatosensory evoked potentials, eye-movement recordings, and MRI of the head and cervical cord provided results highly suggestive of FRDA in both patients. We performed genetic linkage analysis in this family, using markers tightly linked to the FRDA locus on chromosome 9. Inheritance of identical paternal and maternal genotypes by the affected members, but not by their unaffected siblings, provided supporting evidence that this disorder may result from mutation within the FRDA gene or is tightly linked to the investigated loci on chromosome 9.

关键词： Central   Integrate   EQUIPMENT   Research Design   Syndromes   Pathophysiology   Schizophrenia  

摘要： Neuropsychological and neurophysiological studies of schizophrenia have benefitted from improved study design, novel tools for experimental analysis of cognitive and physiological function, and new theoretical perspectives. These efforts are converging in the identification of deficits in integrated corticolimbic and corticocortical mechanisms that may be central to the pathophysiology of the schizophrenia syndrome.