关键词： 现代诠释   神经生理学   思维活动   边缘系统   思维科学   网状结构   科学研究   右半球  

摘要： 古人提出的“心之官则思”的看法，实际上是把由大脑右半球、边缘系统、丘脑、下丘脑、网状结构等影响和支配的思维活动，看成是由心来支配的。如果考虑到中医讲的“心”并非单指解剖学意义上的心脏本身，而且涉及整个神经生理系统，那么，“心之官则思”的错误程度并不是很严重的，其中有些内容可能至今还没有或者说不能够从现代神经生理学和思维科学角度充分加以阐释，这又为现代神经生理学和思维科学研究提供了新课题。从现代思维科学角度看，“心之官则思”的观念，涉及大脑左半球以外的部分对思维活动的影响，涉及思维的非逻辑。非语言、无意识的类型，涉及对人脑潜能的开发，值得深入探索。

关键词： 咳嗽/病理生理学  

摘要： “喉源性咳嗽”的病名,首见于干祖望教授85年所著光明中医函授大学《喉科学》。为了探讨喉源性咳嗽的病理机制,笔者近三年来对110例喉源性咳嗽患者进行纤维喉镜检查,直观地发现该病的病位在咽喉,为本病的确立提供了可靠的客观依据。本文还从神经生理学角度对喉源性咳嗽的病机进行了探讨。 1

关键词： 神经元   神经生理学  

摘要： 神经细胞被命名为神经元(neuron)至今已有100年。神经元是神经系统的结构和功能单位。神经元通过突触与别的神经元进行接触性联系,形成神经回路。一切神经活动包括脑的复杂功能(学习、记忆等)都是通过特定的神经元及神经回路的活动而实现的。

关键词： 心理生理学   教育传播   心理情绪   传播领域   教育研究   研究成果   皮肤电反应   心理现象   传播活动   使人  

摘要： 近年来,一些心理与教育专家尝试将心理生理学的研究成果引入教育传播领域,从心理生理的角度研究教育传播的现象与规律,获得了一些有益的结论,使人耳目一新。这是一种新的探索与尝试,尽管现在研究还很不成熟,但它为传统的教育研究带来新意,随着研究的深入,它的意义必将被越来越多的人们所认识。我们可以把一个健康和完善的人看成是由心理和生理两个系统组成的。两个系统相互依存,相互作用,构成了错综复杂的关系。生理心理学的长期研究使我们逐步了解身、心关系,能够回答许多心理现象的生理基础问题。

摘要： In a Latin square experiment with six ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) piglets the effect of alpha-galactosides (27.5 g/kg) in piglet feed with and without alpha-galactosidase (7.1 U/g) on ileal digestive physiology was studied. Ileal digestibility of organic matter, crude protein and nitrogen free extract was reduced approximately 20 per cent by a-galactosides in the feed. Ileal starch digestion was only 3 per cent lower. The presence of alpha-galactosides in the diet caused fluid retention and enhanced microbial fermentation in the gut as measured by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) an volatile fatty acid (VFA) content of chyme. Fluid retention and increased microbial activity might cause systemic and local effects such as stimulated gut motility, gut wall damage and decreased hydrolysis of nutrients resulting in a diminished digestion. The increase in fermentable substrate in the lower part of the digestive tract might lead to disturbance of the existing microbial balance increasing the chance of diarrhoea. Addition of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase to the experimental diet could not overcome these phenomena.

关键词： POLYNEUROPATHY   PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY   ELECTRODIAGNOSIS   NERVE CONDUCTION STUDIES   ELECTROMYOGRAPHY  

摘要： Clinical electrophysiologic measures derive from sound neurophysiologic principles and provide sensitive, objective information useful in the evaluation of generalized polyneuropathy. The electrodiagnostic examination includes sensory and motor nerve conduction studies, evaluation of late responses, and needle electromyography. These measures represent an extension of the neurologic examination. Clinicians use electrodiagnostic information to confirm clinical findings, localize specific abnormalities to a degree not clinically possible, and identify the underlying pathophysiology. Although the primary role of clinical electromyography is diagnostic, test results are sufficiently sensitive to identify subclinical findings and to monitor small changes related to disease progression or treatment response. In some peripheral disorders, electrodiagnostic information provides the most sensitive indicator of prognosis. Classification of generalized polyneuropathy using electrophysiologic information focuses the differential diagnosis, directs the subsequent evaluation, and often suggests a specific diagnosis or class of disorders. Several of the most common treatable polyneuropathies were rarely diagnosed 25 years ago. Awareness of these disorders relates to increased utilization of clinical electrophysiology and identification of characteristic electrodiagnostic features that result in their recognition.

摘要： Improved neurodiagnostic tools for examining cerebral structure and function have greatly enhanced the safety and efficacy of surgical treatment for epilepsy, and markedly increased the number of candidates for these surgical interventions. The application of new developments in clinical neurophysiology, as well as recent advances in neuroimaging, for surgical therapy of medically refractory seizures are reviewed. Improvements in surgical results are documented and future directions are discussed.

关键词： NEUROMUSCULAR TRANSMISSION   REPETITIVE NERVE STIMULATION   SINGLE-FIBER ELECTROMYOGRAPHY   STAPEDIAL REFLEX FATIGUE   MYASTHENIA GRAVIS   LAMBERT-EATON MYASTHENIC SYNDROME   BOTULISM  

摘要： This is a review of the neurophysiological techniques used clinically to demonstrate abnormalities of neuromuscular transmission. The use of these tests in myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, congenital myasthenic syndromes, and other conditions with disturbed neuromuscular transmission is presented.