关键词： Mucopolysaccharidosis IV   Auditory system   Electrophysiology   Audiological testing   Hearing impairment/loss   BETA-GALACTOSIDASE DEFICIENCY   MORQUIO-A DISEASE   KERATAN SULFATE   MANIFESTATIONS   MANAGEMENT   CHILDREN  

摘要： Background: Hearing impairment is a common problem in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis IV (MPS N) throughout their life. Many of the adult patients with MPS IV exhibit permanent or severe hearing loss. However, there has been no systematic review of detailed audiological test results in MPS N.& para;& para;Materials and methods: Fourteen individuals with MPS IV (13 MPS NA and 1 MPS IVB; aged between 12 and 38 years old) participated in the current study. We obtained auditory neurophysiological responses (auditory brainstem responses and otoacoustic emissions test) in addition to pure-tone audiometry and middle ear function tests (tympanometry and acoustic reflexes).& para;& para;Results: The results indicated various levels and types of hearing loss with abnormal neurophysiological responses even in those patients with MPS NA with normal pure tone thresholds. We also found a strong relationship between height (short stature is an indicator of skeletal severity) and hearing sensitivity as well as a strong relationship between height and outer hair cell function in the inner ear (measured by otoacoustic emissions) among MPS IVA patients.& para;& para;Conclusion: The strong correlation between reduced height and hearing loss indicates that patients with severe skeletal dysplasia may be at higher risk of developing more severe hearing loss. More importantly, the spectrum of hearing disorders indicates that MPS IV patients should have annual neurophysiological hearing tests in addition to audiometric testing from an early age regardless of their skeletal severity to more carefully monitor disease progression.

关键词： lesser grain borer   life table   survival rate   fecundity   digestive physiology   ZEA LEPIDOPTERA-NOCTUIDAE   LESSER GRAIN BORER   HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA   HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA   WHEAT CULTIVARS   KHAPRA BEETLE   HOST   SUSCEPTIBILITY   PERFORMANCE   BIOLOGY  

摘要： In this study, the effect of 20 barley cultivars were evaluated on the life table parameters and digestive enzymatic activity of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) under laboratory conditions (28 +/- 1 degrees C, 60 +/- 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h). Among barley cultivars tested developmental time of R. dominica immature stages was longest on cultivar Bahman (61.00) and shortest on Mahoor (46.60 d). The lowest realized fecundities were recorded for insects reared on cultivar Bahman (217.60); and the highest ones were observed for insects reared on Sahra (348.05 eggs/female). The net reproductive rate (R-0) was significantly affected by various barley cultivars being lowest on cultivar Bahman (53.98) and highest on Mahoor (146.79 offspring/female). Records for intrinsic rates of increase (r(m)) were lowest on cultivar Dasht (0.043) and the highest on Mahoor (0.066 day(-1)). The highest levels of amylolytic and proteolytic activity were recorded on cultivars Mahoor and EBYT-92-10, respectively. By contrast, the insects reared on cultivars Dasht had the lowest levels of a-amylase and general protease activity. Correlation analyses showed that high correlations existed between the immature period, adult longevity, fecundity, and life table parameters on one side and protein content and particle size index on the other. The results of our experiments showed that cultivar Mahoor was a relatively susceptible and cultivars Bahman and Dasht were relatively resistant to R. dominica which could be useful in the development of IPM programs for this pest in store.

关键词： 性别特性   工作负荷量   认知   心理生理学   工作能力评定   心电描记术   脑力负荷  

摘要： 目的研究基于空间定向障碍模拟器的空间定向能力与心理测试得分、飞行技能、专家测试及总成绩的相关性，从而为今后的高性能战斗机飞行员空间定向能力测试提供科学的理论依据。方法采用自身配对设计。在空间定向障碍模拟器上对23名高性能战斗机飞行员进行基于复杂气象和高负荷任务下的空间定向能力测试，将空间定向能力测试成绩与心理测试、飞行技能测试、专家测试等指标成绩进行两两Pearson积差相关性分析，对总成绩排名、空间定向能力排名、专家测试排名、飞行技能排名、心理测试得分排名等进行Spearman秩相关性分析。结果①在Pearson积差相关性上，空间定向能力成绩与心理测试得分相关性最高（r＝0.79, P〈0.01），其次与专家测试成绩相关（r＝0.47, P〈0.05），与飞行技能测试成绩不相关（r＝0.09, P〉0.05）；专家测试成绩与飞行技能成绩相关性较高（r＝0.69, P〈0.01），与心理测试得分的相关性无统计学意义（r＝0.34, P〉0.05）；飞行技能测试成绩与心理测试得分无明显相关性（r＝0.16, P〉0.05）。②在Spearman秩相关性上，总成绩与心理成绩相关性最高（r＝0.88, P〈0.01），且与空间定向能力、专家测试成绩、飞行技能成绩均显著相关（r＝0.60、0.72、0.63, P〈0.05）。结论空间定向能力与心理测试得分存在较为密切的关系，是较为重要的一项高性能战斗机飞行员心理品质指标。

关键词： 植物生理学   实验教学   改革  

摘要： 植物生理学是植物生产类专业的基础课程,其包括理论教学与实验教学。植物生理学实验教学是对理论教学的有力补充,也是培养学生实践操作能力,观察、分析并解决问题能力的重要课程,具有较强的实践性、直观性。本文分析了植物生理学实验教学的现状,指出了其所存在的问题,并针对问题提出了相应的改革策略,以期为提高植物生理学实验教学效率及质量提供若干建议。

关键词： 癫痫发作   神经生理学   先兆   国际抗癫痫联盟   症候学   意识丧失   部分发作   现象学  

摘要： 1先兆的现象学先兆,在拉丁语和希腊语的语源中意为“微风”或“柔和的空气”,曾被Hughlings Jackson描述为“所谓的警告”。癫痫先兆在1981年的癫痫发作国际分类中被定义为“在意识丧失前发生的,并且随后能保留记忆的那部分发作”,相当于是一次单独出现的简单部分性感觉发作。在2010年国际抗癫痫联盟（ILAE）关于分类和术语的提案中,

关键词： 神经生物学   教育实践   计算机断层扫描术   脑神经科学   神经生理学   生长发育阶段   神经心理测试   功能性磁共振  

摘要： 教育生物学(bio-education)，是从生物学、神经生理学、神经心理学、脑神经科学的角度研究人类教育现象及其一般规律的学科。生物科学与教育科学相融合形成的一门交叉学科。其研究对象是人，着重研究处于接受教育和生长发育阶段的儿童和青少年个体及群体。借助生物医学手段，如神经心理测试、神经生物学的动物实验、神经生理学的检查，以及神经影像学的研究，包括脑计算机断层扫描术(CT)、脑电图(EEG)，脑磁共振(MRI)、功能性磁共振(fMRI)、正电子扫描(PET)等，研究人体和人脑的本体结构及其发生发展以及人体和人脑的功能，包括学习、记忆、注意、认知、情感、创造、社会性等大脑活动的奥秘，并将科学研究成果广泛地应用于人类的教育实践。

关键词： Motor control   Psychophysics   Neuropsychology   Neurophysiology   Golden section   STIMULUS RANGE   GAIT HARMONY   SECTION   PREFERENCES   AESTHETICS   MICHELANGELO   PROPORTIONS   ARTIFACT   WALKING   HEART  

摘要： In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the use of the so-called golden ratio (Phi, (phi)), an irrational number with fractal properties, used in artworks since V century BC. and now for modelling complex biological structures and functions. This number, in fact, recursively pops-up in human history, from Ancient Greeks to Renaissance, and to contemporary scientific studies. Nevertheless, recent scientific results often fall between two extremes: those of a priori sceptic researchers accusing the artificial emergence of phi in many studies, and those of researchers that find a mystic meaning in the presence of phi in human physiology. This review moves between these two extremes to provide a scientifically based discussion about the possible presence of Phi in human physiology, psychology, and biomechanics of heart and locomotion. We provide scientific evidence, analysing reasons for the presence of Phi, reporting the weakness of some studies overstating the potential meaning of this number, and reporting the reasons for which it could be actually found in some biological structures and functions. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： editors   social media  

摘要： The Journal of Neurophysiology continues to evolve to meet the needs of its authors and readers. This article summarizes recent changes intended to improve our evaluation and communication of neuroscience research.

关键词： 项目驱动   植物生理学实验   教学改革  

摘要： 为培养具有创新精神的应用型人才,该文针对目前植物生理学实验教学中存在的问题,引入项目驱动,分析了项目驱动的意义。结合植物生理学实验项目设计、组织管理、实施过程及项目评价,明确指出在植物生理学实验教学中,项目驱动对转变学生的学习方式及开发学生创造力发挥重要的作用。

关键词： DEEP-BRAIN-STIMULATION   PRIMARY GENERALIZED DYSTONIA   GLOBUS-PALLIDUS   CEREBRAL-PALSY