关键词： 慢性疲劳综合征   慢性疲劳   临床表现   关节疼痛   神经生理学  

摘要： ,}昙性疲劳综合征,顾名思义,‘以 }J乙乎就是慢性疲劳的意思,许多 媒体还用亚健康、第三状态、灰色状 态、不定陈述综合征等来形容和称谓 之。其实,慢性疲劳并不等于慢性疲劳 综合征。事实上,后者是具有特定症状 特点和临床诊断标准的一种疾病。虽然 有人称之为“20世纪90年代?（共2页)

关键词： 中国生理学会   神经内分泌   学术研讨会   会议   免疫   纪要   第四军医大学   专业委员会   生理教研室  

摘要： 由中国生理学会和中国神经科学会联合主办的“中国生理学会、中国神经科学会2005年神经内分泌免疫学术研讨会”于2005年9月19日在河南省焦作市顺利召开。来自综合大学、医学院校和有关研究机构等30个单位的60余名代表出席了会议，会议开幕式由中国生理学会消化内分泌生殖代谢专业委员会主任委员、第四军医大学生理教研室朱运龙教授主持并致开幕词。

关键词： 横向电场   电缆方程   神经兴奋   外周神经   外周神经   横向电场   神经兴奋   模型   电缆方程   机理研究   离体实验   神经生理学  

摘要： 外周神经的兴奋机理研究是以神经生理学的电缆方程为基础,方程中的激励因子只与外电场沿神经方向的纵向电场分量有关。但实验表明垂直于神经走向的横向电场也可以兴奋外周神经,因而传统电缆方程不能客观反映外周神经兴奋实际过程而需要改进。本文基于两阶段过程,建立了横向电场作用下外周神经的兴奋模型,表明了在横向电场作用下沿朗飞氏结径向的净内向电流导致了神经兴奋,从而阐述了外周神经在横向电场中的兴奋机理,改进了经典电缆方程。模型通过了离体实验验证。此改进的电缆方程可以描述任意电场激励下的外周神经兴奋。

关键词： 围生期窒息   图形的   出生后   发育量表   神经发育   神经学   影像学结果   神经生理学   程及   性抑制  

摘要： Objective: To assess the time course of recovery of severely abnormal initial amplitude integrated electroencephalographic (aEEG) patterns (flat trace (FT), c ontinuous low voltage (CLV), or burst suppression (BS)) in full term asphyxiated neonates, in relation to other neurophysiological and neuroimaging findings and neurodevelopmental outcome. Methods: A total of 190 aEEGs of full term infants were reviewed. The neonates were admitted within 6 hours of birth to the neonata l intensive care unit because of perinatal asphyxia, and aEEG recording was star ted immediately. In all, 160 infants were included; 65 of these had an initial F T or CLV pattern and 25 an initial BS pattern. Neurodevelopmental outcome was as sessed using a full neurological examination and the Griffiths’mental developme ntal scale. Results: In the FT/CLV group, the background pattern recovered to co ntinuous normal voltage within 24 hours in six of the 65 infants (9%). All six infants survived the neonatal period; one had a severe disability, and five were normal at follow up. In the BS group, the background pattern improved to normal voltage in 12 of the 25 infants (48%) within 24 hours. Of these infants, one d ied, five survived withmoderate to severe disability, two with mild disability, and four were normal. The patients who did not recover within 24 hours either di ed in the neonatal period or survived with a severe disability. Conclusion: In t his study there was a small group of infants who presented with a severely abnor mal aEEG background pattern within six hours of birth, but who achieved recovery to a continuous normal background pattern within the first 24 hours. Sixty one percent of these infants survived without, or with a mild, disability.

关键词： Ia   患侧下肢   下肢肌肉   肌梭   单突触反射   背屈   神经生理学   比目鱼肌   痉挛性   肌痉挛  

摘要： Objective: Foot dorsiflexion evokes a short- (SLR) and a medium- latency EM G response (MLR) in the soleus of standing subjects. SLR is mediated by spindle group Ia, while group II fibres contribute to MLR through an oligosynaptic circu it. We studied the effects of Achilles’ tendon vibration on both responses in spastic patients to disclose any abnormal excitability of these pathways. Method s: SLR and MLR were evoked in 11 hemiparetics and 11 normals. The vibration- in duced changes in both responses were correlated to the Ashworth score of the aff ected leg. Results: There were no differences between normals and patients in th e size of control SLR or MLR. Vibration decreased SLR to 70% in normal subject s, but increased it to 110% in patients, in both affected and unaffected leg. Vibration did not affect MLR in normals, but increased it to 165% on the affec ted and 120% on the unaffected side of patients. Ashworth score was solely cor related with the degree of vibration- induced increase of MLR. Conclusions: Whi le the lack of inhibitory effect of vibration on SLR confirms a reduced inhibiti bility of the monosynaptic reflex, the increased MLR indicates a disin hibition of group II pathway in patients, connected to the loss of descending control on group II interneurones. Spastic hypertonia depends on release of gro up II rather than group Ia reflex pathways. Significance: These findings give a neurophysiological support for the pharmacological treatment of spastic hyperton ia and suggest a method for the assessment of its effects.

关键词： 名词   动词   两重分离   语义   语法   词汇  

摘要： 在临床神经心理学研究中发现的名动两重分离现象有三种解释:“语义-概念说”、“语法说”、“词汇说”。围绕这三种假说,研究人员借助神经电生理学技术进行了相关实验研究。本文详细介绍了研究成果及进展情况并做出相关评述。

关键词： 2-PERCENT TOPICAL MINOXIDIL   MALE PATTERN BALDNESS   FINASTERIDE 1 MG   HAIR LOSS   HORIZONTAL SECTIONS   SCALP   PLACEBO   5-PERCENT   SKIN  

摘要： Androgenetic alopecia in men, or male pattern baldness, is recognized increasingly as a physically and psychologically harmful medical condition that can be managed effectively by generalist clinicians. This article discusses the clinical manifestations, epidemiology, physical and psychosocial importance, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of androgenetic alopecia in men. Androgenetic alopecia affects at least half of white men by the age of 50 years. Although androgenetic alopecia does not appear to cause direct physical harm, hair loss can result in physical harm because hair protects against sunburn, cold, mechanical injury, and ultraviolet light. Hair loss also can psychologically affect the balding individual and can influence others' perceptions of him. A progressive condition, male pattern baldness is known to depend on the presence of the androgen dihydrotestosterone and on a genetic predisposition for this condition, but its pathophysiology has not been elucidated fully. Pharmacotherapy, hair transplantation, and cosmetic aids have been used to manage male pattern baldness. Two US Food and Drug Administration-approved hair-loss pharmacotherapies-the potassium channel opener minoxidil and the dihydrotestosterone synthesis inhibitor finasteride re safe and effective for controlling male pattern baldness with long-term daily use. Regardless of which treatment modality is chosen for male pattern baldness, defining and addressing the patient's expectations regarding therapy are paramount in determining outcome.

关键词： MOTONEURONAL CELL GROUPS   FINAL COMMON PATHWAY   INSPIRATORY PREMOTOR NEURONS   FEMALE GOLDEN-HAMSTER   PIGEON COLUMBA-LIVIA   BRAIN-STEM   MONOSYNAPTIC PROJECTIONS   DESCENDING PROJECTIONS   MEMBRANE-PROPERTIES   RHYTHM GENERATION  

摘要： Learned vocalizations, such as bird song, require intricate coordination of vocal and respiratory muscles. Although the neural basis for this coordination remains poorly understood, it likely includes direct synaptic interactions between respiratory premotor neurons and vocal motor neurons. In birds, as in mammals, the medullary nucleus retroambigualis ( RAm) receives synaptic input from higher level respiratory and vocal control centers and projects to a variety of targets. In birds, these include vocal motor neurons in the tracheosyringeal part of the hypoglossal motor nucleus ( XIIts), other respiratory premotor neurons, and expiratory motor neurons in the spinal cord. Although various cell types in RAm are distinct in their anatomical projections, their electrophysiological properties remain unknown. Furthermore, although prior studies have shown that RAm provides both excitatory and inhibitory input onto XIIts motor neurons, the identity of the cells in RAm providing either of these inputs remains to be established. To characterize the different RAm neuron types electrophysiologically, we used intracellular recordings in a zebra finch brain stem slice preparation. Based on numerous differences in intrinsic electrophysiological properties and a principal components analysis, we identified two distinct RAm neuron types ( types I and II). Antidromic stimulation methods and intracellular staining revealed that type II neurons, but not type I neurons, provide bilateral synaptic input to XIIts. Paired intracellular recordings in RAm and XIIts further indicated that type II neurons with a hyperpolarization- dependent bursting phenotype are a potential source of inhibitory input to XIIts motor neurons. These results indicate that electrically distinct cell types exist in RAm, affording physiological heterogeneity that may play an important role in respiratory - vocal signaling.

关键词： 临床神经电生理学   现状   思考   培训   执证上岗   中华医学会   高级职称   专业培训   技术人员   分层抽样  

摘要： 目的:调查河南省中华医学会临床神经电生理专科学会的现状及存在问题。探讨解决存在问题的措施。方法:采用分层抽样与整体抽样对84个医疗单位242人进行信访调查,并对资料完整的225人(92.97%)进行分析。结果:男60人,女165人。年龄平均32.8岁。本科学历15.6%,无学历6.6%。高级职称9.3%,无职称5.4%。已专业培训49.3%,未专业培训50.7%。结论:我省临床神经电生理专业发展迅速,但技术人员新,学历、职称偏低,且49.3%的人员未经正规专业培训,人才出现断层,发展后劲不足。因此,采取技术人员许可证制度——执证上岗,有计划的培养高素质的技术人员是当务之急。