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Biochemical effects of clomazone herbicide on piava (Leporinus obtusidens)

CHEMOSPHERE 2008年第1期74卷 1-5页

作者： Miron, Denise dos Santos Pretto, Alexandra Crestani, Marcia Glusczak, Lissandra Schetinger, Maria Rosa Loro, Vania Lucia Morsch, Vera Maria Univ Fed Santa Maria Ctr Ciencias Nat Dept Quim BR-97105900 Santa Maria RS Brazil Univ Fed Santa Maria Programa Posgrad Bioquim Toxicol BR-97105900 Santa Maria RS Brazil

This study aims to verify the effects of the clomazone concentration used in rice fields oil acetylcholinesterase (ache), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TEARS), protein carbonyl and caralase activity in tissues of piava (Leporinus obtusidens). LC50-96 h was 5.0 mgL(-1) and the fish were exposed to 1/10 of LC50-96h: 0.5 mgL(-1) or clomazone for 96 and 192 h. The same parameters were also assayed after a recovery period of 192 h in clean water. ache activity was reduced only in the brain and heart of fish exposed for 96 It. ache activity was decreased in the brain, muscle and heart tissues after 192 h of exposure. After 192 h of recovery period. ache activity remained diminished in brain and muscle and showed a decrease in eye. However, after 192h of recovery, ache activity in heart was recovered. Fish showed increased TBARS levels in brain at all experimental periods. TBARS levels decreased in liver and muscle tissues after 192 h of exposure. The increase in muscle TBARS persisted in fish transferred to clean water. Protein carbonyl in the liver was increased in all periods studied including the recovery period. Catalase activity was reduced during all periods. The present study demonstrates the occurrence of disorders in ache, TBARS, protein carbonyl and catalase activity in piava. The results also show changes in fish after exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of clomazone. Most effects observed persisted after the recovery period. Thus, these parameters may be used to monitor clomazone toxicity in fish. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Leporinus obtusidens Clomazone ache TBARS Protein carbonyl Catalase

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In vivo neurotoxic effects of emamectin benzoate in male mice: evaluation with enzymatic and biomolecular multi-biomarkers

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022年第6期29卷 8921-8932页

作者： Temiz, Ozge Osmaniye Korkut Ata Univ Vocat Sch Hlth Serv TR-80000 Osmaniye Turkey

The study of the toxic effects of emamectin benzoate (EMB) was conducted in male mice. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups;control group, EMB25 group (1/30 LD50 = 25 mg/kg/day), EMB50 group (1/15 LD50 = 50 mg/kg/day), and EMB100 group (1/7.5 LD50 = 100 mg/kg/day). Control group received water (placebo), and EMB groups were administered by oral gavage for 14 days. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzyme activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels, and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPases) enzymes, which are ion transport enzymes (Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca+2 ATPase, Mg+2 ATPase), acetylcholinesterase (ache, neurotoxicity biomarker), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activities (inflammatory biomarker), were measured by spectrophotometric methods. 8-Hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine level (8-OHdG, DNA oxidation biomarker) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA) technique. The results showed a decrease in SOD, CAT and GPx enzyme activities in the brain tissue and an increase in GST enzyme activity in the EMB groups compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the enzyme activities of the ion transport enzymes Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca+2 ATPase, and Mg+2 ATPase, and ache enzyme activity showed significant inhibition. In addition, MPO enzyme activity, 8-OHdG, PC, and TBARS levels were increased. The results showed that dose-dependent EMB exposure induced different physiological processes with enzymatic and biomolecular multi-biomarkers in the brain tissue of male mice and caused neurotoxic effects.

关键词： Emamectin benzoate Brain ache 8-OHdG Oxidative stress ROS

来源： SCIE

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DEATH OF INTERMEDIOLATERAL SPINAL-CORD NEURONS FOLLOWS SELECTIVE, COMPLEMENT-MEDIATED DESTRUCTION OF PERIPHERAL PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC TERMINALS BY ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ANTIBODIES

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NEUROSCIENCE 1993年第1期54卷 201-223页

作者： BRIMIJOIN, S MOSER, V HAMMOND, P OKA, N LENNON, VA MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC RES TRIANGLE PK NC 27709 USA MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN DEPT NEUROL ROCHESTER MN 55905 USA MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN DEPT IMMUNOL ROCHESTER MN 55905 USA MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN DEPT LAB MED ROCHESTER MN 55905 USA

Systemically injected anti-acetylcholinesterase antibodies in rats cause selective lesions of preganglionic sympathetic neurons. Adult rats were examined up to four months after a single i.v. injection of murine monoclonal acetylcholinesterase antibodies or normal immunoglobulin G (1.5 mg). Within 4 h, antibody-treated rats developed ptosis, a sign of sympathetic dysfunction that was never reversed. Persistent pupillary constriction reflected preserved and unopposed parasympathetic function. Weight gain was depressed, but locomotor activity, excitability, and sensorimotor responses were normal, and gross neuromuscular performance was near normal. These findings were supported by biochemical evidence for selective sympathetic damage. Acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced for the whole period of observation in sympathetic ganglia and adrenal glands but fell only transiently in muscle and serum. At all times, choline acetyltransferase activity (a marker of presynaptic terminals) was unaffected in muscle but grossly depleted in ganglia. Light and electron microscopy showed that preganglionic sympathetic terminals of superior cervical ganglia were severely damaged while parasympathetic ganglia were less affected and motor endplates of skeletal muscle were apparently spared. Immunocytochemistry revealed punctate deposits of murine immunoglobulin G and complement component C3 in ganglionic neuropil 12 h after antibody injection. This finding was consistent with complement-mediated lysis of preganglionic terminals. Morphometric analysis of preganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral nucleus of the spinal cord showed progressive loss of cholinergic perikarya over several months. We conclude that antibody-induced destruction of ganglionic terminals leads to death of preganglionic sympathetic neurons and, hence, permanent dysautonomia.

关键词： ache acetylcholinesterase BuChE butyrylcholinesterase ChAT choline acetyltransferase EDTA ethylenediaminetetra-acetate FITC fluorescein isothiocyanate GFAP glial fibrillary acidic protein IML intermediolateral cell column

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Role of XIAP gene overexpressed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of cerebral injury in rats with cerebral palsy

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CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL 2019年第1期19卷 273-273页

作者： Deng, Wenjing Fan, Chenghe Fang, Yanbo Zhao, Yanan Wei, Yamin Li, Meng Teng, Junfang Zhengzhou Univ Affiliated 1 Neurol Intens Care Unit 1 Jianshe Rd Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Peoples R China

Background This study is performed to investigate the effects of adenovirus-mediated X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) overexpressed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on brain injury in rats with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods Rat's BMSCs were cultured and identified. The XIAP gene of BMSCs was modified by adenovirus expression vector Ad-XIAP-GFP. The rat model of CP with ischemia and anoxia was established by ligating the left common carotid artery and anoxia for 2 h, and BMSCs were intracerebroventricularly injected to the modeled rats. The mRNA and protein expression of XIAP in brain tissue of rats in each group was detected by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The neurobehavioral situation, content of acetylcholine (Ach), activity of acetylcholinesterase (ache), brain pathological injury, apoptosis of brain nerve cells and the activation of astrocytes in CP rats were determined via a series of assays. Results Rats with CP exhibited obvious abnormalities, increased Ach content, decreased ache activity, obvious pathological damage, increased brain nerve cell apoptosis, as well as elevated activation of astrocyte. XIAP overexpressed BMSCs improved the neurobehavioral situation, decreased Ach content and increased ache activity, attenuated brain pathological injury, inhibited apoptosis of brain nerve cells and the activation of astrocytes in CP rats. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that XIAP overexpressed BMSCs can inhibit the apoptosis of brain nerve cells and the activation of astrocytes, increase ache activity, and inhibit Ach content, so as to lower the CP caused by cerebral ischemia and hypoxia in rats.

关键词： Cerebral palsy XIAP Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Cerebral injury Astrocytes ache

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Multiple In Vitro Bioassay Approach in Sediment Toxicity Evaluation: Masan Bay, Korea

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BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012年第1期89卷 32-37页

作者： Jung, Jee-Hyun Hong, Sang Hee Yim, Un Hyuk Ha, Sung Yong Shim, Won Joon Kannan, N. Korean Ocean Res & Dev Inst Oil & POPs Res Grp Geoje South Korea

Extracts of 21 sediment samples from Masan Bay, Korea, used in an earlier chemical measurement, were screened for their ability to induce estrogen, - and dioxin - like gene expression using the E-Assay (+), DR-CALUX assay, respectively, and to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity using an in vitro ache assay. Biological impact in the industry-rich inner bay is higher than outer bay. DDTs (0.65), coplanar PCBs (0.77), HCHs (0.64), PAHs (0.61) and APs (0.53) with good correlation to E-assay (+) are seen as environmental estrogens. The highest induction of DR-CALUX response was seen again at station M12 and 15 which received sewage effluents. PCDD/DFs gave the highest correlation (0.75). Interestingly, the M12 station at the sewage treatment outlet showed the highest activity. Among the targeted chemicals APs (0.66), PCBs (0.64), PAHs (0.61) and DDT (0.49) correlated well with the ache bioassay. Spearman rank correlation on analytical and biochemical results affirmed the 'hot spots' and point sources (e.g., sewage treatment and industrial outfall) and suspected toxicants. Significant correlations between organo chlorine pesticides, PCBs, dioxins and alkylphenols and their biological effects were observed.

关键词： Sediment Risk assessment ache E-assay (+) DR-CALUX

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Acetylcholinesterase: structure and use as a model for specific cation-protein interactions

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Current Opinion in Structural Biology 1992年第5期2卷 721-729页

作者： Sussman, Joel L. Silman, Israel The Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel

Acetylcholinesterase is an α/β protein with an overall fold very similar to several hydrolytic enzymes of widely differing phylogenetic origin and catalytic function. The structure reveals, for the first time, a binding pocket for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. The catalytic triad lies near the bottom of a deep and narrow gorge, lined with aromatic amino acids. The positive quaternary group in acetylcholine and other cholinergic ligands makes close contact with aromatic residues;thus, the π electrons of aromatic rings play a key role in cholinergic ligand binding. © 1992.

关键词： ACh acetylcholine ache acetylcholinesterase nAChR nicotinic acetylcholine receptor BuCh butyrylcholine BuChE butyrylcholinesterase CPW wheat carboxypeptidase II DDF p-N,N-dimethylaminobenzene diazonium fluoride DLH dienelactone hydrolase GLP Geotrichum candidum lipase PAS peripheral anionic site TEA tetraethylammonium

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Anthemis tricolor Containing Unusual Totarol with Cytotoxic and Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibitory Activity

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CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY 2024年第2期21卷 e202300913-e202300913页

作者： Yucel, Yasemin Yucel Servi, Hueseyin Polatoglu, Kaan Nalbantsoy, Ayse Altinbas Univ Fac Pharm Dept Biochem Istanbul Turkiye Istanbul Yeni Yuzyıl Univ Fac Pharm Dept Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy Istanbul Turkiye Altinbas Univ Fac Pharm Dept Analyt Chem Istanbul Turkiye Ege Univ Fac Engn Dept Bioengn Izmir Turkiye

Anthemis tricolor is an endemic species of Cyprus, and there is very limited information on its chemistry and pharmacological activities. The study aims to identify the in-vitro cytotoxic and acetylcholinesterase activities of Anthemis tricolor. The compounds responsible for the activities were also identified. Potent extracts of A. tricolor were subjected to preparative isolation and spectral structure determination studies. The chloroform extract contained many components, and due to the small quantity of extract available, enough pure compound(s) cannot be obtained for structure determination studies, though the n-hexane extract afforded two known compounds, totarol (1) and taraxasterol (2). The structures of the compounds (1 and 2) were determined by H-1 and( 13)C NMR experiments. The pure compounds were also tested for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties. For compound 1, the IC50 value was found to be 87.88 mu g/mL. However, no inhibition was seen for 2. Anthemis tricolor was established to be a valuable source of pharmacologically active compounds and requires further studies.

关键词： Anthemis tricolor totarol taraxasterol ache cytotoxic activity

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Monitoring the effect of insecticide selection on Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) larval susceptibility to malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin

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Journal of Entomology 2014年第1期11卷 14-24页

作者： El-Sheikh, El-Sayed A. Ashour, Mohamed-Bassem A. Aamir, Mohamed M. Gamal, Mohamed M. Department of Plant Protection Zagazig University Zagazig 44511 Sharha Egypt

The susceptibility of Culex pipiens collected from different localities of the Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, to malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin was investigated for 11 successive generations. Larval Cx. pipiens developed 57 and 305-fold resistance to malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively after 11 successive generations of selection pressure. The susceptibility of unselected generations, due to non-exposure to both insecticides for 11 generations, was increased to 1.1-fold in F11for malathion and to 1.5-fold in F11 for lambda-cyhalothrin. Acetylcholinestrase (ache) activity increased gradually in both selected and unselected generations until the 11th generation. The activity of ache in generations (F1-F7) selected with malathion was significantly lower than that of the lambda-cyhalothrin selected and unselected generations. General esterase activity increased 3.7 and 3.0-fold (malathion) and 4.2 and 3.6-fold (lambda-cyhalothrin) compared with the susceptible strain (LS-CP), when either α-napthyl acetate (NA) or β-NA were used as general substrates in F11 selected generations, respectively. A significant increase in glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was noticed in the F11 generation recording 6400 and 8800 μmoL min-1 mg-1 protein for malathion-and lambda-cyhalothrin-selected generations, respectively. The ratios recorded in the 11th generations were 3.6 and 4.9 fold as compared with LS-CP for malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin selected generations, respectively. Our results indicate that the Cx. pipiens mosquito strain from Egypt can increase resistance to malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin if these insecticides are continuously or rotationally used to control this species. Increased resistance is likely to be associated with increased activity of target and metabolic enzyme systems. © 2014 Academic Journals Inc.

关键词： ache Culexpipiens Esterases GST Lambda-cyhalothrin Malathion

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ache抑制剂的疗效有限?

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国际药学研究杂志 1999年第6期26卷 369-370页

作者：李元敏

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Synthesis of novel quinazolinone-triheterocyclic hybrides as dual inhibition of urease and ache

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JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024年第9期21卷 2425-2431页

作者： Mentese, Emre Guzel, Yeter Unal Akyuz, Gulay Karaali, Nesrin uenal Recep Tayyip Erdogan Univ Art andSci Fac Dept Chem Rize Turkiye

New triheteroyclic compounds containing quinazolinone, thiophene, andthiadiazole /thiazolidinone structureswere synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, H-1-NMR, and C-13-NMRspectral data. The new compounds' inhibitory activities on urease and acetylcholinesterase were assessed. All triheterocyclic compounds with thiadiazole ring have urease and acetylcholinesteraseinhibitory *** compound 5a;3-[(5-(phenylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]methyl-2-(thiophen-3-ylmethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-onehas the best urease inhibition result with 13.30 +/- 0.15 mu g/mL IC50 value, and it also has the best acetylcholinesterase inhibition with 20.30 +/- 0.15 mu g/mL IC50 value.

关键词： Thiazolidinone Quinazolinone Hybride Urease ache Inhibition

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