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RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2000年第5期94卷 409-415页

作者： ten Thoren, C Petermann, F Univ Bremen Rehabil Res Ctr D-2800 Bremen 33 Germany

The main characteristic of asthma is sudden and unexpected attacks of impaired breathing. Both the attacks themselves and the prospect of attacks generate much anxiety amongst patients. Several different forms of anxiety can be identified which vary in intensity and the situations in which they appear. anxiety disorders are more common in asthmatics and have a considerable influence on asthma management because they influence symptom perception. Excessive anxiety about asthma symptoms can affect the patient's response to an asthma attack;anxiety related to asthma triggers can reduce the patient's quality of life and anxiety related to medical treatment can influence compliance. The extent of this influence depends upon an individual's ability to cope. Behavioural therapeutic programmes for patient education offer an opportunity to reduce anxiety and to improve asthma selfmanagement. Physicians should look carefully for anxiety when taking the patient's history, and should support the patient's participation in asthma education programs.

关键词： asthma anxiety perception asthma management

来源： SCIE

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AVOIDANCE COPING AND LYMPHOCYTE COUNT

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ACTA CLINICA CROATICA 2010年第2期49卷 139-144页

作者： Ozura, Ana Ihan, Alojz Univ Ljubljana Inst Microbiol & Immunol Fac Med Zaloska 4 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Univ Med Ctr Ljubljana Univ Dept Neurol Ljubljana Slovenia

Stress is the key psychological activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and therefore an important risk factor for diminished immunocompetence The aim of the study was to assess the connection between the strategies of coping with stress and lymphocyte counts in soldiers Coping strategies were evaluated in 61 Slovenian Army members using the Coping Responses Inventory White blood cell count with detailed lymphocyte analysis by use of flow cytometry was assessed in 33 soldiers Factor analysis identified two factors of coping, i e avoidance coping and approach coping Statistically significant negative correlations were recorded between avoidance strategies and monocyte, lymphocyte and T-lymphocyte concentrations Approach strategies, which are thought to be more adaptive, did not correlate with the immune system measures These findings support the notion that each person's individual coping styles are reflected in their immune characteristics We presume that avoidance coping might be an important mediating variable influencing the effects of stress on immune measures

关键词： Stress psyhological Military personnel psychology Adjustment disorders diagnosis Defense mechanisms anxiety psychology Adaptation psychological Avoidance learning

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Relationship between Personality Traits and Endogenous Analgesia: The Role of Harm Avoidance

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PAIN PRACTICE 2016年第1期16卷 38-45页

作者： Nahman-Averbuch, Hadas Yarnitsky, David Sprecher, Elliot Granovsky, Yelena Granot, Michal Technion Israel Inst Technol Rappaport Fac Med Clin Neurophysiol Lab IL-3200003 Haifa Israel Rambam Med Ctr Dept Neurol Haifa Israel Univ Haifa Fac Social Welf & Hlth Sci IL-31999 Haifa Israel Technion Israel Inst Technol Clin Neurophysiol Lab IL-3200003 Haifa Israel

Background: Whether psychological factors such as anxiety and pain catastrophizing levels influence the expression of endogenous analgesia in general and, more specifically, the conditioned pain modulation (CPM) response is still under debate. It may be assumed that other psychological characteristics also play a role in the CPM response. The neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine are involved both in CPM, as well as personality traits such as harm avoidance (HA), novelty seeking (NS), and reward dependence (RD), which can be obtained by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ). However, the associations between these traits (HA, NS, and RD) with endogenous analgesia revealed by CPM have not yet been explored. Methods: Healthy middle-age subjects (n = 28) completed the TPQ, Spielberger's State anxiety Inventory, and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and were assessed for CPM paradigms using thermal phasic temporal summation as the "test stimulus" and hand immersion into hot water bath (CPM water) or contact heat (CPM contact) for "conditioning stimulus." Results: Higher levels of HA were associated with less-efficient CPM responses obtained by both paradigms: CPM water (r = 0.418, P = 0.027) and CPM contact (r = 0.374, P = 0.050). However, NS and RD were not associated with the other measurements. No significant relationship was observed between state anxiety and pain catastrophizing levels and the CPM responses. Conclusions: The relationship between the capacity of endogenous analgesia and the tendency to avoid aversive experience can be explained by mutual mechanisms involving similar neurotransmitters or brain areas. These findings illuminate the key role of harm avoidance obtained by the TPQ in determining the characteristics of pain modulation profile.

关键词： harm avoidance conditioned pain modulation Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire anxiety pain catastrophizing

来源： ebsco(ASP/aph) SCIE

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Integrating tuberculosis and mental health services: global receptivity of national tuberculosis program directors

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE 2019年第5期23卷 600-605页

作者： Sweetland, A. C. Galea, J. Shin, S. S. Driver, C. Dlodlo, R. A. Karpati, A. Wainberg, M. L. New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp Columbia Vagelos Coll Phys & Surg Dept Psychiat New York NY 10032 USA Univ S Florida Coll Behav & Community Sci Sch Social Work Tampa FL USA Univ Calif Irvine Sue & Bill Gross Sch Nursing Irvine CA USA Vital Strategies New York NY USA Int Union TB & Lung Dis Bulawayo Zimbabwe

SETTING: A global survey of National Tuberculosis Program (NTP) directors. OBJECTIVES: To assess the perceived mental health needs of persons with tuberculosis (TB), current practices, and receptivity to integrating evidence-based mental and substance use treatment into national TB guidelines. DESIGN: Semi-structured survey of NTP directors from 26 countries of all income levels using a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 26 countries, 21 were classified as high incidence and/or burden countries for TB, TB and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection, and/or drug-resistant TB. Two NTPs included routine screening for any mental disorder, four assessed alcohol or drug use, and five had standard protocols for the co-management of disorders. If effective and low-cost integrated care models were available, 17 NTP directors felt that it was highly likely, and five somewhat likely, that their NTPs would integrate mental health treatment into national TB guidelines and services. The main perceived barriers to service integration were limited capacity, not recognizing mental health as a problem, insufficient resources, and TB-related social stigma. CONCLUSIONS: NTPs currently do not address mental disorders as part of routine practice. Nevertheless, receptivity is high, which creates a ripe opportunity to integrate the management of TB and mental disorders into the policies and guidelines of NTPs worldwide.

关键词： depression anxiety psychosis substance use disorders patient-centered care

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Structural brain abnormalities common to posttraumatic stress disorder and depression

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JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROSCIENCE 2011年第4期36卷 256-265页

作者： Kroes, Marijn C. W. Rugg, Michael D. Whalley, Matthew G. Brewin, Chris R. UCL London WC1E 6BT England Radboud Univ Nijmegen Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav Ctr Cognit Neuroimaging NL-6525 ED Nijmegen Netherlands Univ Calif Irvine Ctr Neurobiol Learning & Memory Irvine CA 92717 USA

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression are reliably associated with reductions in brain volume in markedly similar areas. To our knowledge, no volumetric studies have directly contrasted these conditions. We investigated which, if any, grey matter reductions would be uniquely associated with each disorder. We also investigated more subtle independent effects: specifically, correlations between brain volume and self-report measures of psychopathology. Methods: We obtained structural magnetic resonance imaging scans from participants with PTSD, major depression and healthy controls exposed to trauma. Participants completed standardized self-report measures of anxiety and depression. We used voxel-based morphometry, applying the DARTEL algorithm within SPM5 to identify associated volumetric changes. Results: We enrolled 24 patients with PTSD, 29 with major depression and 29 controls in our study. The clinical groups had regions of markedly smaller volume compared with the control group, particularly in prefrontal areas, but did not differ from each other. Greater self-reported anxiety was inversely related to volume in several areas, particularly the inferior temporal cortex, among patients with PTSD, but was associated with some volume increases in patients with major depression. Greater self-reported depression showed similar but weaker effects, being inversely related to brain volume in patients with PTSD but positively related to volume in the cuneus and precuneus of those with major depression. Limitations: To maintain the representativeness of the sample, patients with PTSD were not excluded if they had typical comorbid conditions, such as depression. Patients were not all medication-free, but we controlled for group differences in antidepressant use in the analyses. Conclusion: We identified commonalities in areas of brain volume in patients with PTSD and those with major depression, suggesting that existing findings concerning red

关键词： ANALYSIS of variance anxiety BRAIN CHI-squared test MENTAL depression POST-traumatic stress disorder FINANCING of research SELF-evaluation MAXIMUM likelihood statistics CASE-control method

来源： ClinicalKey（临床精钥... ebsco(ASP/aph) SCIE 评论

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Nonpharmacological interventions used in the perioperative period to prevent anxiety in adolescents: a scoping review

JBI EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS

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JBI EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS 2021年第9期19卷 2155-2187页

作者： Pestana-Santos, Marcia Pires, Rita Goncalves, Andreia Parola, Vitor Santos, Margarida Reis Lomba, Lurdes Univ Porto Inst Biomed Sci Abel Salazar Porto Portugal Portugal Ctr Evidence Based Practice JBI Ctr Exce Coimbra Portugal Coimbra Univ & Hosp Ctr Pediat Unit Coimbra Portugal Hlth Sci Res Unit Nursing UICISA E Coimbra Portugal Nursing Sch Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Sao Joao Univ & Hosp Ctr Porto Portugal Nursing Sch Porto Porto Portugal Univ Coll London Hosp Womans Hlth Div Matern Serv London England Univ Fernando Pessoa Fac Hlth Sci Porto Portugal CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res Porto Portugal

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to examine and map the range of nonpharmacological interventions used in the perioperative period to prevent anxiety in adolescents. Introduction: Undergoing surgery involves experiencing fears and uncertainties that lead to an increase in anxiety levels. The interventions used to prevent anxiety in the perioperative period in adolescents must be appropriate to their developmental stage. Inclusion criteria: Studies involving adolescents (10 to 19 years of age) undergoing any type of surgical procedure and specifying any nonpharmacological interventions administered to prevent anxiety, implemented in the perioperative period, were included in this review. Methods: A comprehensive search strategy using multiple databases was employed to find relevant studies. The databases search included MEDLINE via PubMed;CINAHL Plus with Full Text via EBSCO;Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials;LILACS;Scopus;Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts;PsycINFO;JBI Connect+;and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Sources of unpublished studies and gray literature were TDX - Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Spain);RCAAP - Repositorio Cientifico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal;OpenGrey - System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe;and MedNar. Studies published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese were included. There was no date restriction, or geographical or cultural limitation applied to the search. The relevant studies and their reported outcomes were organized and analyzed. Results: The database search yielded 1438 articles, and three additional records were added after hand searching. Title, abstract, and full-text review identified 11 papers that met the inclusion criteria. The final data set represented 947 participants. The data were analyzed according to the type of nonpharmacological intervention, population, concept (outcome measured and tool used), context (physical location;preoperative vs. postopera

关键词： adolescent anxiety complementary therapy perioperative care

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Chronic pain impact on rodents' behavioral repertoire

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NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS 2020年 119卷 101-127页

作者： Cunha, Ana Margarida Pereira-Mendes, Joana Almeida, Armando Guimaraes, Marco Rafael Leite-Almeida, Hugo Univ Minho Life & Hlth Sci Res Inst ICVS Sch Med Campus Gualtar P-4710057 Braga Portugal ICVS 3Bs PT Govt Associate Lab Braga Portugal

Rodent models have been fundamental to understand chronic pain (CP) pathophysiology and to test for potential treatments. Pain assessment in CP models is most frequently based on the evaluation of allodynia or hyperalgesia. However, these correspond only to a part of CP-related problems which include ongoing pain, depression, anxiety, disrupted sleep and attentional deficits. A growing number of preclinical studies have been assessing these manifestations in CP rodent models. We reviewed and systematized this information by behavioral domain. Observational studies in ethologically relevant conditions, paradigms of anxietyand depressive like behavior as well as of memory and executive function were selected. A considerable number of studies reported deficits similar to those observed in CP patients. These behavioral alterations are informative regarding ongoing maladaptive plasticity in multiple brain regions and its use as pain proxies has the potential to greatly improve the predictive value of CP models. However, the inclusion of female and/or older rodents is rare which is in clear dissonance with the clinical representation of CP.

关键词： Chronic pain Pain models Pain assessment anxiety Depression Learning and memory Decision-making

来源： SCIE

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Local processing and social skills in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The role of anxiety and cognitive functioning

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RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2014年第9期8卷 1243-1251页

作者： Hill, Trenesha L. Varela, R. Enrique Kamps, Jodi L. Niditch, Laura A. Tulane Univ Dept Psychol New Orleans LA 70118 USA Childrens Hosp New Orleans LA 70118 USA

The present study examined the relations between anxiety, cognitive functioning, local processing, and social skills in a group of 102 children diagnosed with an Autism Spectrum Disorder. The results indicated that children diagnosed with Asperger's Disorder had significantly higher cognitive functioning and enhanced local processing (i.e., Block Design scores) compared to those diagnosed with Autistic Disorder or PDD-NOS. Regression analyses results showed that anxiety and cognitive functioning moderated the association between local processing and social skills. For children with low cognitive functioning and high anxiety, greater local processing was associated with poorer social skills than those with high cognitive functioning, high anxiety, and greater local processing. For children with high cognitive functioning and high anxiety, enhanced local processing was associated with better social skills than those with high cognitive functioning and reduced local processing. Implications of these findings are discussed. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorders Local processing anxiety Social skills Cognitive functioning

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Yohimbine anxiogenesis in the elevated plus maze requires hindbrain noradrenergic neurons that target the anterior ventrolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE 2013年第8期37卷 1340-1349页

作者： Zheng, Huiyuan Rinaman, Linda Univ Pittsburgh Dept Neurosci Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

The 2 adrenergic receptor antagonist yohimbine (YO) increases transmitter release from noradrenergic (NA) terminals in cortical and subcortical brain regions, including the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST). YO activates the hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal (HPA) stress axis and is potently anxiogenic in rats and humans. We previously reported that hindbrain NA neurons within the caudal nucleus of the solitary tract (NST-A2/C2) and ventrolateral medulla (VLM-A1/C1) that innervate the anterior ventrolateral (vl)BST contribute to the ability of YO to activate the HPA stress axis in rats. To determine whether the same NA pathway also contributes to YO-induced anxiogenesis in the elevated plus maze (EPMZ), a selective saporin ribotoxin conjugate (dopamine beta hydroxylase conjugated to saporin toxin, DSAP) was microinjected bilaterally into the anterior vlBST to destroy its NA inputs. Sham-lesioned controls were microinjected with vehicle. Two experiments were conducted to determine DSAP lesion effects on EPMZ behavior. DSAP lesions did not alter maze behavior in rats after intraperitoneal saline, and did not alter the significant effect of prior maze experience to reduce exploratory and open arm maze activities. However, in maze-naive rats, DSAP lesions abolished YO anxiogenesis in the EPMZ. Post-mortem immunocytochemical analyses confirmed that DSAP consistently ablated caudal NST-A2/C2 and VLM-A1/C1 neurons that innervate the anterior vlBST. DSAP lesions did not destroy non-NA inputs to the anterior vlBST, and produced inconsistent cell loss within the pontine locus coeruleus (A6 cell group) that was unrelated to YO anxiogenesis. Thus, the ability of YO to increase anxiety-like behavior in the EPMZ depends on hindbrain NA neurons that target the anterior vlBST.

关键词： anxiety locus coeruleus norepinephrine nucleus of the solitary tract rat ventrolateral medulla

来源： SCIE

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For Better Talk Therapy, Try Napping

Wall Street Journal (Online)

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Wall Street Journal (Online) 2016年 1-1页

作者： Petersen, Andrea

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