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A 25-year-old male with oligoarthritis as the first sign of Lemierre's syndrome

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INFECTION 2011年第1期39卷 87-89页

作者： Peters, E. J. van Helden, A. W. Postma, B. Ziekenhuis Gelderse Vallei NL-6716 RP Ede Netherlands

来源： SCIE

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Stabilisation therapy as an answer to complex post-traumatic stress disorder. Complex post-traumatic stress disorder in women abused in childhood: Progress in diagnostics, treatment and research

Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie

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Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie 2006年第3期48卷 217-222页

作者： Dorrepaal, E. Thomaes, K. Draijer, P.J. GGZ Buitenamstel/VUmc Netherlands AMSTAD NESDA 1081 HJ Amsterdam Oldenaller 1 Netherlands

Complex post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from traumatic experiences in childhood includes not only the customary post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms such as intrusions, avoidance and hyperarousal, but it also includes affect-dysregulation, dissociation, problems with self-image, relationships, interpretation and somatisation. The specialist literature expresses some support for stabilisation treatment. Preliminary results of a pilot study that evaluated a stabilisation course with a psycho-educational and cognitive behavioural content indicate that a course of that kind, if linked to research, is both feasible and effective. We therefore believe that further research by means of a randomized controlled trial is warranted.

关键词： Child abuse Post-traumatic Stress disorders treatment outcome

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COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY FOR CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 1995年第4期98卷 420-421页

作者： SHARPE, M Warneford Hospital Oxford United Kingdom

来源： SCIE

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Identification of Drug Interaction Adverse Events in Patients With COVID-19 A Systematic Review

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JAMA NETWORK OPEN 2022年第4期5卷 e227970-e227970页

作者： Conti, Valeria Sellitto, Carmine Torsiello, Martina Manzo, Valentina De Bellis, Emanuela Stefanelli, Berenice Bertini, Nicola Costantino, Maria Maci, Chiara Raschi, Emanuel Sabbatino, Francesco Corbi, Graziamaria Pagliano, Pasquale Filippelli, Amelia Univ Salerno Scuola Med Salernitana Dept Med Surg & Dent Via S Allende I-84081 Baronissi SA Italy San Giovanni Dio & Ruggi dAragona Univ Hosp Clin Pharmacol Unit Salerno Italy Univ Salerno Scuola Med Salernitana Dept Med Surg & Dent Doctoral Sch Baronissi Italy Univ Salerno Scuola Med Salernitana Postgrad Dept Med Surg & Dent Baronissi Italy Univ Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Dept Med & Surg Sci Bologna Italy San Giovanni Dio & Ruggi dAragona Univ Hosp Oncol Unit Salerno Italy Univ Molise Dept Med & Hlth Sci Campobasso Italy San Giovanni Dio & Ruggi dAragona Univ Hosp Infect Dis Unit Salerno Italy

IMPORTANCE During the COVID-19 pandemic, urgent clinical management of patients has mainly included drugs currently administered for other diseases, referred to as repositioned drugs. As a result, some of these drugs have proved to be not only ineffective but also harmful because of adverse events associated with drug-drug interactions (DDIs). OBJECTIVE To identify DDIs that led to adverse clinical outcomes and/or adverse drug reactions in patients with COVID-19 by systematically reviewing the literature and assessing the value of drug interaction checkers in identifying such events. EVIDENCE REVIEW After identification of the drugs used during the COVID-19 pandemic, the drug interaction checkers ***, COVID-19 Drug Interactions, LexiComp, Medscape, and WebMD were consulted to analyze theoretical DDI-associated adverse events in patients with COVID-19 from March 1, 2020, through February 28, 2022. A systematic literature review was performed by searching the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane for articles published from March 1, 2020, through February 28, 2022, to retrieve articles describing actual adverse events associated with DDIs. The drug interaction checkers were consulted again to evaluate their potential to assess such events. FINDINGS The DDIs identified in the reviewed articles involved 46 different drugs. In total, 575 DDIs for 58 drug pairs (305 associated with at least 1 adverse drug reaction) were reported. The drugs most involved in DDIs were lopinavir and ritonavir. Of the 6917 identified studies, 20 met the inclusion criteria. These studies, which enrolled 1297 patients overall, reported 115 DDI-related adverse events: 15 (26%) were identifiable by all tools analyzed, 29 (50%) were identifiable by at least 1 of them, and 14 (24%) remained nonidentifiable. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The main finding of this systematic review is that the use of drug interaction checkers could have identified several DDI-associated adverse drug reactions, incl

关键词： drug interactions adverse effects of medication adverse event covid-19 treatment outcome lopinavir/ritonavir

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Clinical treatment options for patients with homonymous visual field defects

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CLINICAL OPHTHALMOLOGY 2008年第1期2卷 93-102页

作者： Lane, Alison R. Smith, Daniel T. Schenk, Thomas Univ Durham Cognit Neurosci Res Unit Durham England

The objective of this review is to evaluate treatments for homonymous visual field defects (HVFDs). We distinguish between three treatments: visual restoration training (VRT), optical aids, and compensatory training. VRT is both the most ambitious and controversial approach, aiming to restore portions of the lost visual field. While early studies suggested that VRT can reduce the visual field defect, recent studies using more reliable means of monitoring the patients' fixation could not confirm this effect. Studies utilizing modern optical aids have reported some promising results, but the extent to which these aids can reliably reduce the patients' visual disability has yet to be confirmed. Compensatory approaches, which teach patients more effective ways of using their eyes, are currently the only form of treatment for which behavioral improvements have been demonstrated. However, with the exception of one study using a reading training, placebo-controlled clinical evaluation studies are lacking. It is also not yet clear whether the training benefits found in laboratory tasks lead to reliable improvements in activities of daily living and which of the various forms of compensatory training is the most promising. It is therefore too early to recommend any of the currently available treatment approaches.

关键词： homonymous hemianopia rehabilitation treatment outcome

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Change in the strategy for prophylactic diazepam use for febrile seizures and the impact on seizure recurrence within 24 h

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SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY 2020年第0期75卷 70-74页

作者： Inoue, Masataka Adachi, Shunichi Kawakami, Isao Koga, Hiroshi Natl Hosp Org Beppu Med Ctr Dept Pediat 1473 Oaza Uchikamado Beppu Oita 8740011 Japan

Purpose: To investigate the association between reduced prophylactic diazepam usage and short-term recurrence of febrile seizures (FSs) after the FS practice guideline was updated in Japan. Method: In this single-center, retrospective study, children (6-60 months of age) with FS who were transported to our center by ambulance from January 2011 through December 2018 were included. Rectal administration of diazepam (0.3-0.5 mg/kg) after the first seizure and seizure recurrence within 24 h were compared between 2011-2015 (pre-guideline revision) and 2016-2018 (post-guideline revision). Results: Among the total of 509 children, 297 were transported to our hospital in 2011-2015 and 212 in 2016-2018. Rectal diazepam administration was decreased in 2016-2018 (17 %) compared to 2011-2015 (53 %, P < 0.0001), while seizure recurrence was increased in 2016-2018 (20 %) compared to 2011-2015 (12 %, P = 0.0087). Similarly, hospital revisits (23 %) and hospital admissions (26 %) were increased in 2016-2018 compared to 2011-2015 (15 %, P = 0.031 and 18 %, P = 0.026, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that prophylactic diazepam administration was the only factor related to preventing seizure recurrence. FS recurrence after the initial seizure was significantly less frequent with diazepam use (6 %) than without diazepam use (21 %, P < 0.0001;relative risk reduction, 70 %;number needed to treat, 6.8 children). Conclusion: The FS practice guideline revision was associated with reduced prophylactic diazepam usage and increased FS recurrence within 24 h in Japan. Prophylactic diazepam use should be determined based on clinical safety, local health infrastructure, and parental anxiety.

关键词： Anticonvulsant Rectal administration Seizure Recurrence treatment outcome

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Predictors of cessation treatment outcome and treatment moderators among smoking parents receiving quitline counselling or self-help material

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PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2014年 69卷 126-131页

作者： Schuck, Kathrin Otten, Roy Kleinjan, Marloes Bricker, Jonathan B. Engels, Rutger C. M. E. Radboud Univ Nijmegen Inst Behav Sci NL-6500 HE Nijmegen Netherlands Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr Seattle WA 98109 USA Univ Washington Dept Psychol Seattle WA 98195 USA Netherlands Natl Inst Mental Hlth & Addict Trimbos Inst NL-3500 AS Utrecht Netherlands

Objective. Several cessation treatments effectively enhance cessation, but it is not always clear which treatment may be most suitable for a particular client. We examined predictors of treatment outcome and treatment moderators among smoking parents in the Netherlands. Method. We conducted secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial in which smoking parents received either quitline counselling (n = 256) or a self-help brochure (n = 256). Data collection was completed in October 2012. Endpoints were 7-day point prevalence abstinence and 6-month prolonged abstinence at 12-month follow-up. Potential predictors and moderators included socio-demographic characteristics, smokingrelated variables, and child-related variables. Results. Male gender, higher employment status, lower daily cigarette consumption, higher levels of confidence in quitting, presence of a child with a chronic respiratory illness, and wanting to quit for the health of one's child predicted abstinence at 12 months. Significant treatment moderators were intention to quit and educational level. Quitline counselling was effective regardless of intention to quit and educational level, but self-help material was less effective among less motivated and lower educated parents. Conclusion. Certain subgroups of smokers, such as parents who are concerned about the health of their child, are particularly receptive to cessation support. Individual characteristics should be considered in treatment selections. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smoking cessation Quitline support Quitline counselling Self-help treatment outcome Predictors Moderators

来源： SCIE ebsco(ASP/aph)

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Analysis of three interventions for substance abuse treatment of severely mentally ill people

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COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL 1996年第6期32卷 561-572页

作者： Ridgely, MS Jerrell, JM UNIV S CAROLINA SCH MEDCOLUMBIASC 29208

Severely mentally ill people with co-occurring substance abuse disorders are difficult to treat and the course of their psychiatric treatment is worsened by substance abuse. Despite increased attention to the problem, few studies of specialized treatment are reported in the literature and most lack detail about the specialized interventions employed. Qualitative data, gathered as part of a larger study of the cost-effectiveness of three substance abuse interventions for severely mentally ill people, are presented which describe the interventions, their implementation in four community mental health centers over 18 months of the study, and their relationship to the quantitative outcomes. Illustrated is the difficulty of implementing innovative programs and the need for vigilance concerning program fidelity.

关键词： Community Mental Health Services Diagnosis Dual (Psychiatry) Activities of Daily Living Case Management Humans Intervention Studies Longitudinal Studies Program Evaluation Research Support U.S. Gov't P.H.S. Self-Help Groups Substance-Related Disorders treatment outcome

来源： ebsco(ASP/aph)

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Effectiveness of commercially-available antibiotic-impregnated implants

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Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - Series B 2006年第8期88卷 1102-1104页

作者： Wenke, Joseph C. Owens, B.D. Svoboda, S.J. Brooks, D.E. US Army Institute of Surgical Research Ft. Sam Houston TX 78234 3400 Rawley E. Chambers Avenue United States

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of antibiotic-impregnated implants in the prevention of bone infection. We used a model of contaminated fracture in goats to evaluate four treatment groups: no treatment, hand-made tobramycin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads, commercially-available tobramycin-impregnated calcium sulphate pellets and commercially-available tobramycin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads. Three weeks after intraosseous inoculation with streptomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureurs tissue cultures showed no evidence of infection in any of the antibiotic-treated groups. All of the cultures were positive in the untreated group. These results show that effective local antibiotic delivery can be obtained with both commercially-available products and with hand-made polymethylmethacrylate, beads. The calcium sulphate pellets have the advantage of being bioabsorbable, thereby obviating the need for a second procedure to remove them. ©2006 British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery.

关键词： Microspheres Polymethyl Methacrylate Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents Bone Diseases Infectious Calcium Sulfate Colony Count Microbial Disease Models Animal Drug Implants Fractures Bone Goats Male Staphylococcus aureus Tobramycin treatment outcome

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Evolution of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a review on the molecular determinants of resistance and implications for personalized care

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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (JAC) 2018年第5期73卷 1138-1151页

作者： Dookie, Navisha Rambaran, Santhuri Padayatchi, Nesri Mahomed, Sharana Naidoo, Kogieleum Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) - CAPRISA HIV-TB Pathogenesis and treatment Research Unit Durban South Africa

Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) remains a significant challenge in TB treatment and control programmes worldwide. Advances in sequencing technology have significantly increased our understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to anti-TB drugs. This review provides an update on advances in our understanding of drug resistance mechanisms to new, existing drugs and repurposed agents. Recent advances in WGS technology hold promise as a tool for rapid diagnosis and clinical management of TB. Although the standard approach to WGS of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is slow due to the requirement for organism culture, recent attempts to sequence directly from clinical specimens have improved the potential to diagnose and detect resistance within days. The introduction of new databases may be helpful, such as the Relational Sequencing TB Data Platform, which contains a collection of whole-genome sequences highlighting key drug resistance mutations and clinical outcomes. Taken together, these advances will help devise better molecular diagnostics for more effective DR-TB management enabling personalized treatment, and will facilitate the development of new drugs aimed at improving outcomes of patients with this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： drug development drug resistance drug-resistant genes genome mutation mycobacterium tuberculosis treatment outcome tuberculosis whole genome sequencing

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