IDENTIFICATION OF VARIETIES AND BIOMARKERS ANALYSES ON ESSENTIAL OILS FROM PEELS OF CITRUS L. COLLECTED IN PAKISTAN

作者全名："Ul Haq, Anwar; Wang, Jian"

作者地址："[Ul Haq, Anwar] Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Univ, Dept Pharm, Sheringal, Khyber Pakhtunk, Pakistan; [Wang, Jian] Chongqing Coll Chinese Med, Chongqing, Peoples R China; [Wang, Jian] Chongqing Med Univ, Coll Chinese Med, Chongqing, Peoples R China"

通信作者："Wang, J (通讯作者)，Chongqing Coll Chinese Med, Chongqing, Peoples R China.; Wang, J (通讯作者)，Chongqing Med Univ, Coll Chinese Med, Chongqing, Peoples R China."

来源：PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY

ESI学科分类：PLANT & ANIMAL SCIENCE

WOS号：WOS:000972097200022

JCR分区：Q4

影响因子：0.9

年份：2023

卷号：55

期号：4

开始页：1407

结束页：1418

文献类型：Article

关键词：Citrus L; Peels; Essential oils; Biomarkers; ?-Bergamotene; fl-Bisabolene

摘要："Five kinds of Citrus L. were collected from Sheringal, Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, and their fruits, branches, and leaves were used to identify their correct nomenclature. In addition, the dried peels were gotten from fruits of C. reticulata var. Kinnow purchased from the bazaar of Sheringal. The essential oils (EOs) were extracted from their peels by hydrodistillation or cold -pressing, and then were detected by GC -MS, respectively. As a result, 2 kinds were both identified as C. karna Raf. (Khatta), 1 kind was deduced as C. jambhiri Lush. (Rough lemon), the other 2 kinds should belong to the varieties of C. medica (citron), C. limon (lemon), or C. aurantifolia (lime), but still needs to be confirmed further. In total, 36 major components were qualified and quantified in 8 prepared samples, accounting from 59.9-99.5%. Thirteen compounds such as limonene (22.8-97.6%), fl-pinene (0-2.5%), fl-myrcene (0-1.2%), terpinen-4-ol (0-2.1%), alpha-bergamotene (0-1.4%), fl- bisabolene (0-1.6%), E-nerolidol (0-5.3%), gamma-eudesmol (0-0.6%), alpha-cadinol (0-1.3%), nootkatone (0-14.1%), n-hexadecanoic acid (0-8.5%), tricosane (0-0.8%), and squalene (0-0.6%) are prominent. The other important biomarkers in peels EOs of Citrus such as gamma-terpinene (0-0.2%) and linalool (0-0.5%) were relatively less. alpha-bergamotene and fl-bisabolene are two important biomarkers for discriminating citron, lemon, and lime from the other species of Citrus. To the best of authors' knowledge, there is no report on the detection of nine chemicals including fl-pinene, terpinen-4-ol, alpha-bergamotene, delta-elemene, E-nerolidol, gamma- eudesmol, alpha-cadinol, tricosane, and squalene from peels EOs of Citrus produced in Pakistan previously."

基金机构："Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau; Chongqing Municipal Health Commission [cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0310]; China Scholarship Council; Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University; [2020ZY023793]"

基金资助正文："The authors thank the Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau (Grant No. cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0310) , and Chongqing Municipal Health Commission (Grant No. 2020ZY023793) for support to this research. This paper was funded by China Scholarship Council. The authors are indebted to Dr. Shujaat Ahmad, Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, for providing the support in research work. The authors thank the Naseeb Zada for providing the Citrus samples, Fazal Hadi, Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, for providing the help in varieties identification."