Association of different milk fat content with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction risk: A Mendelian randomization study

作者全名：Wu, Jiacan; Tao, Guanghong; Xiao, Hua

作者地址：[Wu, Jiacan; Tao, Guanghong; Xiao, Hua] Chongqing Med Univ, Hosp 1, Dept Cardiol, Chongqing, Peoples R China

通信作者：Xiao, H (通讯作者)，Chongqing Med Univ, Hosp 1, Dept Cardiol, Chongqing, Peoples R China.

来源：PLOS ONE

ESI学科分类：Multidisciplinary

WOS号：WOS:001202876800029

JCR分区：Q1

影响因子：2.9

年份：2024

卷号：19

期号：4

开始页：　

结束页：　

文献类型：Article

关键词：　

摘要：Background Numerous observational studies have investigated on the correlation of whole, semi-skimmed, and skimmed milk with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) risk; However, no consensus has been reached and evidence on any causal links between these exposures and outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to conduct univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, using publicly released genome-wide association study summary statistics (GWAS) from the IEU GWAS database, to ascertain the causal association of milk with various fat content with CAD and MI risk. Methods For the exposure data, 29, 15, and 30 single-nucleotide polymorphisms for whole milk, semi-skimmed milk, and skimmed milk, respectively, obtained from 360,806 Europeans, were used as instrumental variables. CAD and MI comprised 141,217 and 395,795 samples, respectively. We used inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier analyses to determine whether pleiotropy and heterogeneity could skew the MR results. Sensitivity tests were conducted to verify the robustness of the results. Results After adjusting for false discovery rates (FDR), we discovered proof that skimmed milk intake is a genetically predicted risk factor for CAD (odds ratio [OR] = 5.302; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.261-12.432; P < 0.001; FDR-corrected P < 0.001) and MI (OR = 2.287; 95% CI 1.218-4.300; P = 0.010; FDR-corrected P = 0.009). Most sensitivity assessments yielded valid results. Multivariable MR for CAD and MI produced results consistent with those obtained using the IVW method. There was no causal relationship between whole or semi-skimmed milk, and CAD or MI. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the consumption of skimmed milk may increase the risk of CAD and MI. This evidence may help inform dietary recommendations for preventing cardiovascular disease. Further studies are required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

基金机构：Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing [GSTB2023NSCQMSX0491]

基金资助正文：<STRONG> </STRONG>This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing in the form of a grant to HX [GSTB2023NSCQMSX0491].