Dietary Patterns and New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Southwest China: A Prospective Cohort Study in the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC)

作者全名：Hu, Yanqi; Ding, Xianbin; Chen, Liling; Luo, Youxing; Liu, Xin; Tang, Xiaojun

作者地址：[Hu, Yanqi; Luo, Youxing; Liu, Xin; Tang, Xiaojun] Chongqing Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Res Ctr Med & Social Dev, Chongqing 400016, Peoples R China; [Ding, Xianbin; Chen, Liling] Chongqing Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Chron Noncommunicable Dis Control & Prevent, Chongqing 400042, Peoples R China

通信作者：Tang, XJ (通讯作者)，Chongqing Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Res Ctr Med & Social Dev, Chongqing 400016, Peoples R China.

来源：NUTRIENTS

ESI学科分类：AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

WOS号：WOS:001246835200001

JCR分区：Q1

影响因子：4.8

年份：2024

卷号：16

期号：11

开始页：　

结束页：　

文献类型：Article

关键词：dietary pattern; food frequency questionnaire; Asia; diabetes

摘要：(1) Background: There is little known about the relationship between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) pattern and diabetes in cohort studies, and the dietary patterns in the Chongqing natural population are unknown. (2) Methods: 14,176 Chinese adults, aged 30-79 years old, participated in this prospective study, from September 2018 to October 2023. A dietary assessment was conducted using a food frequency questionnaire, and three main dietary patterns were extracted from the principal component analysis. DASH patterns were calculated by standards. (3) Results: During the 4.64 y follow-up, 875 developed diabetes (11.3/1000 person-years). Each posteriori diet pattern is named after its main dietary characteristics (meat pattern, dairy products-eggs pattern, and alcohol-wheat products pattern). The high consumption of DASH pattern diet reduced the risk of diabetes (Q5 vs. Q1 HR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.40-0.56) while high consumption of alcohol-wheat product pattern diet was associated with a high risk of diabetes (Q5 vs. Q1 HR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.66). The other two dietary patterns were not associated with diabetes. In subgroup analysis, there was an interaction between DASH pattern and sex (P for interaction < 0.006), with a strong association in females. (4) Conclusions: DASH pattern may be associated with a reduced new-onset diabetes risk and Alcohol-wheat products pattern may be positively associated with new-onset diabetes. These findings may provide evidence for making dietary guidelines in southwest China to prevent diabetes.

基金机构：Medical Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Health Commission

基金资助正文：We are very grateful to all the participants in this study and all team members for their support of this study.