Single-molecule immunoassay technology: Recent advances

作者全名："Wu, Yi; Fu, Yusheng; Guo, Jiuchuan; Guo, Jinhong"

作者地址："[Wu, Yi; Fu, Yusheng; Guo, Jiuchuan] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Chengdu, Peoples R China; [Guo, Jinhong] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Sensing Sci & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China; [Guo, Jinhong] Chongqing Med Univ, Coll Lab Med, MOE Key Lab Lab Med Diagnost, 1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing 400016, Peoples R China"

通信作者："Guo, JC (通讯作者)，Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Chengdu, Peoples R China.; Guo, JH (通讯作者)，Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Sensing Sci & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China."

来源：TALANTA

ESI学科分类：CHEMISTRY

WOS号：WOS:001041233000001

JCR分区：Q1

影响因子：6.1

年份：2023

卷号：265

期号：　

开始页：　

结束页：　

文献类型：Article

关键词：Single molecule; Digital ELISA; Microwell arrays; Microfluidics

摘要："Detecting diseases at the molecular level aids in early diagnosis and treatment. However, traditional immunological detection techniques, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chemiluminescence, have detection sensitivities between 10-16 and 10-12 mol/L, which are inadequate for early diagnosis. Singlemolecule immunoassays can reach detection sensitivities of 10-18 mol/L and can detect biomarkers that are difficult to measure using conventional detection techniques. It can confine molecules to be detected in a small spatial area and provide absolute counting of the detected signal, offering the advantage of high efficiency and accuracy. Herein, we demonstrate the principles and equipment of two single-molecule immunoassay techniques and discuss their applications. It is shown that the detection sensitivity can be improved by 2-3 orders of magnitude compared to common chemiluminescence or ELISA assays. The microarray-based single-molecule immunoassay technique can test 66 samples in 1 h, which is more efficient than conventional immunological detection techniques. In contrast, microdroplet-based single-molecule immunoassay techniques can generate 107 droplets in 10 min, which is more than 100 times faster than a single droplet generator. By comparing the two single-molecule immunoassay techniques, we highlight our personal perspectives on the current limitations of point-of-care applications and future development trends."

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