Deciphering the rule of antigen-antibody amino acid interaction

作者全名："Jiang, Min; Fang, Changyin; Ma, Yongping"

作者地址："[Jiang, Min; Fang, Changyin; Ma, Yongping] Chongqing Med Univ, Bas Med Collage, Mol Med & Canc Res Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chongqing, Peoples R China"

通信作者："Ma, YP (通讯作者)，Chongqing Med Univ, Bas Med Collage, Mol Med & Canc Res Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chongqing, Peoples R China."

来源：FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY

ESI学科分类：IMMUNOLOGY

WOS号：WOS:001129274900001

JCR分区：Q1

影响因子：7.3

年份：2023

卷号：14

期号：　

开始页：　

结束页：　

文献类型：Article

关键词：antigen; antibody; interaction; antigenic drift; reverse antibody technique

摘要："PurposeAntigenic drift is the biggest challenge for mutagenic RNA virus vaccine development. The primary purpose is to determine the IEMM (immune escape mutation map) of 20 amino acids' replacement to reveal the rule of the viral immune escape.MethodsTo determine the relationship between epitope mutation and immune escape, we use universal protein tags as a linear epitope model. To describe and draw amino acid linkage diagrams, mutations of protein tags are classified into four categories: IEM (immune escape mutation), ADERM (antibody-dependent enhancement risk mutation), EQM (equivalent mutation), and IVM (invalid mutation). To overcome the data limitation, a general antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) interaction map was constructed by analyzing the published three-dimensional (3D) Ag-Ab interaction patterns.Results(i) One residue interacts with multiple amino acids in antigen-antibody interaction. (ii) Most amino acid replacements are IVM and EQM. (iii) Once aromatic amino acids replace non-aromatic amino acids, the mutation is often IEM. (iv) Substituting residues with the same physical and chemical properties easily leads to IVM. Therefore, this study has important theoretical significance for future research on antigenic drift, antibody rescue, and vaccine renewal design.ConclusionThe antigenic epitope mutations were typed into IEM, ADERM, EQM, and IVM types to describe and quantify the results of antigenic mutations. The antigen-antibody interaction rule was summarized as a one-to-many interaction rule. To sum up, the epitope mutation rules were defined as IVM and EQM predomination rules and the aryl mutation escape rule."

基金机构：National Natural Science Foundation of China10.13039/501100001809

基金资助正文：We thanks Tayyaba Yasin (hasnainazam12@hotmail.com) and Aiman Akhtar ( aimanakhtar15@gmail.com) for language editing.